background: the present study compared lethal concentrations (lc50-96 h) of cdcl2, crcl3, and pb (no3)2 between two scaled and scaleless freshwater fish species: cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae) and pangasius hypophthalmus (pangasiidae). methods: the experimental fishes were obtained from fish markets/ponds with average lengths and weights of approximately 11.68 ±1.92 and 9.8±1.9 cm, and 25.92±6.3 ...

We address the problem of automatically reconstructing m-manifolds of unknown topology from unorganized points in metric p-spaces obtained from a noisy measurement process. The point set is first approximated by a collection of oriented primitive fuzzy sets over a range of resolutions. Hierarchical multiresolution representation is then computed based on the relation of relative containment def...