Kinematics and critical swimming speed (Ucrit) of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks Sphyrna lewini were measured in a Brett-type flume (635 l). Kinematic parameters were also measured in sharks swimming in a large pond for comparison with those of sharks swimming in the flume. Sharks in the flume exhibited a mean Ucrit of 65±11 cm s-1 (± s.d.) or 1.17±0.21 body lengths p...

Seagrass beds and the communities they form are well known for their ability to alter their local hydrodynamic environment, reducing current velocities and altering turbulent structure in and around the canopy. Much of the quantitative information that has been published on the interaction of seagrass canopies with flowing water has been derived from laboratory flume studies. The few studies th...

Monitoring the flow rate out of the well is critical for good control of the downhole pressure in drilling operations. In this feasibility study, we explore the possibility of using a Venturi flume to provide a cost-effective measurement of the flow rate, with improved accuracy compared to conventional methods. A Venturi flume has been simulated both using CFD and a simplified 1D model. By prop...

Alternate bars were formed by sediment transport in a flume with Froude-modelled flow and relative roughness characteristic of gravel-boulder channels with steep slopes. The flume (0.3 m wide x 7.5 m long) was filled with a sand-gravel mixture, which was also fed into the top of the flume at a constant rate under constant discharge. Channel slope was set at 0.03. Initially, coarse particles acc...

A numerical wave flume based on the particle finite element method PFEM is applied to simulate wave overtopping for impermeable maritime structures. An assessment of the performance and robustness of the numerical wave flume is carried out for two different cases comparing numerical results with experimental data. In the first case, a well-defined benchmark test of a simple low-crested structur...

The sluicing flume that was designed is less capable of silting up and losing its calibration than its counterparts of standard sharp-crested compound weir design. The laboratory work described here led to a refinement in the design in the form of a short flume set into the lowest section of a compound Crump weir gauging installation. Critical flow occurs near the exit of this flume, and it is ...

A series of 18 flume runs were conducted in a 6-m long, 0.5-m wide recirculating flume with a bed gradient of 0.8% to determine the influence of obstruction shape on the formation and characteristics of forced pools. Six differentshaped obstructions were added to the flume with the maximum width of the obstruction held constant at 20 cm, which equaled a 40% constriction of flow. The obstruction...

In accordance with the problem of the need for calculation formula of the straight wall flume flow in open channel by experiment, the method of thee boundary layer is proposed; Analysis with boundary layer displacement thickness is studied, and the energy equation, continuous equation and the theory and critical depth of flume flow coefficient, velocity coefficient is deduced using the boundary...

Many source and transport factors control P loss from agricultural landscapes; however, little information is available on how these factors are linked at a watershed scale. Thus, we investigated mechanisms controlling P release from soil and stream sediments in relation to storm and baseflow P concentrations at four flumes and in the channel of an agricultural watershed. Baseflow dissolved rea...