Understanding and predicting changes in storm tracks over longer time scales is a challenging problem, particularly in the North Atlantic. This is due in part to the complex range of forcings (land–sea contrast, orography, sea surface temperatures, etc.) that combine to produce the structure of the storm track. The impact of land–sea contrast and midlatitude orography on the North Atlantic stor...

Abstract This paper was aimed to study the impact of climate change on hydrology Andasa watershed for period 2013–2099. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) calibrated validated, thereby used balance. future scenarios were developed using outputs from Hadley Center Climate Model version 3 (HadCM3) A2 (high) B2 (low) emission Canadian Earth System 2 (CanESM2) Representative concentration pa...

• Snow cover is simulated for archaeological sites in Iceland and Greenland. Implications of increasing snow pastoral farming are discussed. Increasing divergence between Greenland through time. worst modelled scenarios markedly greater than current conditions. Medieval settlements were vulnerable to changes spring (April-June) duration depth. These would have adversely affected the viability t...

Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, between about 130 and 70 ka BP, is characterized by climate oscillations consisting of three interstadials two stadials. Many simulations have been performed for the warmest MIS-5e period, but few has made to cover entire MIS-5 investigate variability during this long period. In study, sets snapshot a step 2 covering whole period are with model HadCM3 relative impa...

The first agricultural societies were established around 10 ka BP and had spread across much of Europe and southern Asia by 5.5 ka BP with resultant anthropogenic deforestation for crop and pasture land. Various studies (e.g. Joos et al., 2004; Kaplan et al., 2011; Mitchell et al., 2013) have attempted to assess the biogeochemical implications for Holocene climate in terms of increased carbon d...

We utilize a global finite element sea ice ice shelf ocean model (FESOM), focused on the Antarctic marginal seas, to analyse projections of ice shelf basal melting in a warmer climate. Ice shelf ocean interaction is described using a three-equation system with a diagnostic computation of temperature and salinity at the ice-ocean interface. A tetrahedral mesh with a minimum horizontal resolution...