This review explores the effects of fructose on hippocampus: hippocampal function and structure, neurogenesis, cognitive function. First, this result confirms that excess intake affects microstructure pathways connecting hippocampus to other brain areas. Fructose has potential affect neurogenesis in hippocampus, a diet high can impair learning memory, leading impairment. However, further resear...

background: sex steroids and their receptors exist in hippocampus and affect spatial learning and memory. this study was designed to measure testosterone level of ca1 and to assess the effect of spatial learning on its amount in left and right hippocampus of adult male rats. methods: sixteen rats were divided into two intact and castrated groups, and then trained in morris water maze (mwm). ano...

a person, who is talented, performs in a certain capacity above the norm. talent is different from intelligence which is a response to a circumstance using knowledge and skill. the attributes of talent are exceptional memory, rapid processing speed, and high motivation, an affinity for learning, creativity and optimal cognition. there is some proof suggests that certain aspects of talent are re...

introduction: gap junctions are intercellular membrane channels that provide direct cytoplasmic continuity between adjacent cells. this communication can be affected by changes in expression of gap junctional subunits called connexins (cx). changes in the expression and function of connexins are associated with number of brain neurodegenerative diseases. neuroinflammation is a hallmark of vario...

AlkB homolog 1 (ALKBH1) is responsible for the biogenesis of 5-formylcytidine (f5C) on mitochondrial tRNAMet and essential protein synthesis. The brain, especially hippocampus, highly susceptible to dysfunction; hence, maintenance activity strongly required prevent disorders associated with hippocampal malfunction. To study role ALKBH1 in we generated dorsal telencephalon-specific Alkbh1 condit...

background: it is well known that the hippocampus, the ca1 pyramidal cells in particular, is selectively vulnerable during global cerebral ischemia. recently, it is observed that pentoxifylline has a neuroprotective effect. this study explored the pharmacological relationship between ischemia-induced cell death of the hippocampus and the efficacy of a vasodilator agent (pentoxifylline) in the p...

objective the hippocampal circuit integrity is crucial for learning and memory. despite the existing reports on hippocampal–dependent memory impairment due to noise stress, there are only a few studies on the effect of noise stress on anatomical structure of hippocampus. the present study is aimed to investigate the likely effects of chronic noise exposure on the volume of rat hippocampus. mate...

epilepsy is one of the common disorders in human community. clinical observations have shown that epileptic patients have often difficulty in learning and memory. kindling is a laboratory model for studying epilepsy and its complications. this experiment was designed to study the effect of chemical kindling on schaffer collateral-ca1 pyramidal cell synaptic transmission using pentylenetetrazole...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a disease of the immune system that creates damage of learning and memory in that. using probiotic supplements is recommended for preventing ms disease and improving memory. this study aimed to investigate the effect of lactobacillus plantarum (lp) and bifidobacterium b94 (bb94), on acquisition phase of spatial memory in the local demyelination of rats` hi...