Although language-impaired children have been observed to follow many nor­ mal language acquisition patterns, research to date has not fully explored the re­ lationships between various linguistic domains. The hypotheses investigated in this study are that language-impaired children produce fewer logical proposi­ tions per utterance and evidence less control of formal syntactic markers. lan­ gu...

Substantial evidence indicates that the hippocampus plays a critical role in long-term declarative memory. In contrast, the role of the human hippocampus in working memory, particularly when information needs to be maintained only for a few seconds, remains controversial. Using PET, we show robust activation of the right anterior hippocampus proper during the performance of both object and spat...

Convergence-accommodation, one of several cross-linkages in the oculomotor system is manifested by opening the accommodative feedback loop and increasing the vergence input. We elicited this response in human infants aged 3-6 months by placing a 15 delta prism (base-out) before one eye while they viewed a diffuse patch of light. Accommodation was measured and ocular alignment was confirmed with...

BACKGROUND Research reveals that explicit reading strategies instruction and engaging students in interaction about texts promote students' reading comprehension ability. The present intervention study combines both aspects. AIMS The study examines the educational benefits of explicit reading strategies instruction, followed by practice in (a) teacher-led whole-class activities (STRAT), (b) r...

Genetically targeted anatomical and behavioral characterization of the cornu ammonis 2 (CA2) subfield of the mouse hippocampus

Observational studies support a neuroprotective role of hormone therapy (HT) in the perimenopause, with hippocampal size being a widely used biomarker. We investigated the effect of HT started before the onset of menopause and lasting for at least 3 years on hippocampal volume and shape in 80 postmenopausal women and 80 controls matched on age and intracranial volume taken from a large communit...

The effects of spatial filtering in functional magnetic resonance imaging were investigated by reevaluating the data of a previous study of episodic memory encoding at 2 x 2 x 4-mm(3) resolution with use of a SPM99 analysis involving a Gaussian kernel of 8-mm full width at half maximum. In addition, a multisubject analysis of activated regions was performed by normalizing the functional images ...

In a review of the literature on the development of the medial temporal lobe region in humans, monkeys, and rodents, Bachevalier and Beauregard indicated that in primates, memory functions subserved by this neural system emerge early in life and increment gradually with further postnatal maturation. Furthermore, they stated that the late-developing memory functions of normal neonates was more l...

Inhibitory neurons in cortical circuits play critical roles in composing spike timing and oscillatory patterns in neuronal activity. These roles in turn require coherent activation of interneurons at different timescales. To investigate how the local circuitry provides for these activities, we applied resampled cross-correlation analyses to large-scale recordings of neuronal populations in the ...