2.5. Stabilization of IL Emulsions by Nanoparticles 2623 3. Hydrogenations in ILs 2623 3.1. Hydrogenation on IL-Stabilized Nanoparticles 2623 3.1.1. Hydrogenation of 1,3-Butadiene 2623 3.1.2. Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Arenes 2624 3.1.3. Hydrogenation of Ketones 2624 3.2. Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation in ILs 2624 3.3. Hydrogenation of Functionalized ILs 2625 3.3.1. Selective Hydrogenati...

the hydrogenation characterizations of the hydrogen storage alloy mmni4.22co0.48mn0.15al0.15 (mm= mischmetal), and the effect of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation (h/d) cycling on its structural and morphological properties are investigated. the results indicate that after several h/d cycles the alloy was pulverized into fine particles, but it kept its hexagonal cacu5-type structure. the pressure-c...

A model is developed based on a two-stage hydrogenation of pyrolysis gasoline to obtain a C6-C8 cut suitable for extraction of aromatics. The first stage hydrogenation takes place in a trickle bed reactor while the second stage hydrogenation is carried out in a two compartment fixed bed reactor in which hydrogenation of olefins takes place in the first compartment while the sulphur is eliminate...

The stepwise hydrogenation of the C=C bond and C=O group of acrolein on Au3 and Au5 model systems is investigated using the density functional theory(DFT) PW91 functional. Our results show that the C=C hydrogenation is more favorable than that of C=O bond on Au3 with the barriers of the rate-determining step being 0.35 and 0.62 eV respectively. On the other hand, the C=O reduction is preferred ...

hydrogenation of oils might be considered as the largest reaction in the edible oil industry. the reaction consists of the addition of hydrogen at the double bounds of fatty acids. although for some reasons this might be considered a desirable reaction but for some others it might create problems in the food and nutrition chain circle due to the formation of saturated and trans fatty acids. soy...

l-Nonanol and alkyl 9-hydroxynonanoates were more readily prepared by hydrogenation of the respective isolated aldehydes than by direct hydrogenation of products from reductive ozonolysis of oleate esters. Hydrogenation with nickel catalysts and aprotic solvents reduced the isolated aldehydes in good yield with a minimum of side reactions. Although the noble metal catalyst and hydroxylic solven...

A carboxy-directed asymmetric hydrogenation of α-alkyl-α-aryl terminal olefins was developed by using a chiral spiro iridium catalyst, providing a highly efficient approach to the compounds with a chiral benzylmethyl center. The carboxy-directed hydrogenation prohibited the isomerization of the terminal olefins, and realized the chemoselective hydrogenation of various dienes. The concise enanti...

The ethylene hydrogenation activity is compared for molybdenum oxycarbides, molybdenum carbides and a molybdenum alloy formed by reaction of molybdenum hexacarbonyl with alumina in ultrahigh vacuum using temperature-programmed desorption. It is found that molybdenum oxycarbides are inactive for ethylene hydrogenation. It is shown by forming carbides by reaction between alumina and ethylene that...

Since nanoscale gold was first discovered to be catalytically active, gold-based catalysts have been studied both theoretically and experimentally in a wide range of reactions. These catalysts exhibit high activity for hydrogenation processes, in particular showing enhanced selectivity. However, there is a lack of relevant fundamental studies into these processes. Conducting hydrogenation react...

Hydrogenation of oils might be considered as the largest reaction in the edible oil industry. The reaction consists of the addition of hydrogen at the double bounds of fatty acids. Although for some reasons this might be considered a desirable reaction but for some others it might create problems in the food and nutrition chain circle due to the formation of saturated and trans fatty acids. Soy...