Interleukin (IL)-32 is a recently described proinflammatory cytokine, characterized by induction of nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. We studied IL-32α expression in human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs). Colonic SEMFs were isolated from normal human colon tissue. IL-32α protein expression was evaluated by Western blot analyses, and IL-32α mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time...

INTRODUCTION The relative resistance of non-chondrodystrophic (NCD) canines to degenerative disc disease (DDD) may be due to a combination of anabolic and anti-catabolic factors secreted by notochordal cells within the intervertebral disc (IVD) nucleus pulposus (NP). Factors known to induce DDD include interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) and/or Fas-Ligand (Fas-L). Therefore we evaluated the ability of n...

We found the publication “Association of Interleukin-1 Gene cluster polymorphisms with coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP)” (1) very interesting. Mutluer et al. (1) concluded that “IL1ß+3954 SNP mutations are significantly more common in patients with CSFP” and “It may suggest that the tendency for inflammation may contribute to the presence of this phenomenon.” In fact, based on the present s...

Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) mutations are present in patients with heritable and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Circulating levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) are raised in patients and animal models. Whether interplay between BMP and IL-1 signaling can explain the local manifestation of PAH in the lung remains unclear. Cell culture, siRNA, and mRNA microar...

Introduction Urticarial rash is a hallmark symptom of autoinflammatory diseases such as Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) and Schnitzler’s syndrome (SchS). Clinically, the urticarial rash may not be distinguished from the skin symptoms in chronic urticaria patients. As interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) has been shown to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CAPS and SchS we here aim at in...

Gut commensal bacteria contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, in part by activating the inflammasome and inducing secretion of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß). Although much has been learned about inflammasome activation by bacterial pathogens, little is known about how commensals carry out this process. Accordingly, we investigated the mechanism of inflammasome activation by repr...

BACKGROUND More than one million new cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) occur each day. The immune responses and inflammation induced by STDs and other frequent non-STD microbial colonizations (i.e. Candida and bacterial vaginosis) can have serious pathologic consequences in women including adverse pregnancy outcomes, infertility and increased susceptibility to infection by other pat...

Some inflammatory stimuli trigger activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inducing efflux of cellular potassium. Loss of cellular potassium is known to potently suppress protein synthesis, leading us to test whether the inhibition of protein synthesis itself serves as an activating signal for the NLRP3 inflammasome. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages, either primed by LPS or unprimed, were ...

One of the typical and mandatory reactions body to trauma or infectious agents for damage any tissues organs is acute phase reaction, which an induced increase in synthesis followed by blood a number proteins with immunological, bactericidal, antioxidant inhibitory functions. The purpose study determine levels cytokines clinically healthy cows, pigs dogs, as well cows purulent-necrotic processe...