With the increased volatility of feed prices, dairy farm managers are no longer concerned with managing only milk price volatility, but are considering the adoption of risk management programs that address income over feed cost (IOFC) margin risk. Successful margin risk management should be founded on an understanding of the behavior of IOFC margins. To that end, we have constructed forward IOF...

The expansion of arbitrary power series in various classes of polynomial sets is considered. Some applications are also given. Notations. We will use the following contracted notation for the generalized hypergeometric function •i> •flB P q\bl,...,bQ pFAb, ^ M* z_k where p. « r(o4 k) («iOfc-n fy)*. (*v*s rw* and (°)* / = ! / = ! r(o)

The objective of this trial was to measure performance of paired pens of lactating Jersey and Jersey-Holstein crossbred (JX) vs. Holstein (H) cows over a year in a Wisconsin confinement dairy herd. Average daily milk yield of JX was 5.5 kg/ cow less than H, whereas average milk fat and true protein percentages were 0.61 (4.26 vs. 3.65%) and 0.19 (3.05 vs. 2.86%) percentage units, respectively, ...

An alternative effort that can increase feed efficiency is the use of fermented fecal waste, which relatively inexpensive to substitute for commercial rations in order reduce production costs. This study aims determine effect cow feces ration on economic value female KUB chickens growth phase before puberty.The material used 64 aged 8 weeks 16 weeks. a Completely Rendomized Design (RAL) with fo...

The present research was aimed to evaluate an interactive effect of cage density and level of dietary black cumin (BC) on productive efficiency of broiler chickens. A total of 270 broiler chickens (initial body weight of 163.12 ± 8.10g) were allocated into a completely randomized design with a 3 x 3 factorial pattern. The first factor was the cage density (bird/m2) namely, D1 = 8; D2 = 10, and ...

A total of 2,124 barrows and gilts (PIC 1050 × DNA 600; initially 107.9 ± 1.31 lb) were used in a 32-d study to determine the optimal level dietary standardized ileal digestibility (SID) Lys for 108 178 lb pigs commercial setting. Pigs randomly allotted 1 5 treatments with 24 27 per pen 16 replications treatment. similar number placed each pen. Diets fed over 3 phases (108 129, 129 156, 156 lb,...

Context Formulating rations with high energy and protein feeds such as cassava tuber gliricidia, is an important strategy to increase liveweight gain (LWG) of bulls improve profitability smallholder farmers in Indonesia. Aims Two on-farm experiments were conducted evaluate the effect increasing supplementation level a mixture (Manihot esculenta) whole root powder fresh gliricidia (Gliricidia se...

COVID-19 has highlighted the need for robust cattle supply chains using local feed resources. Higher Income Over Food Costs (IOFC) are usually achieved when live weight gains high and cost of ingredients low. There is a to formulate rations with metabolisable energy (ME) crude protein (CP) achieve gain. Rations can be formulated locally by farmer co-operatives, entrepreneurs commercial enterpri...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konversi pakan dan IOFC pada penggunaan ampas jagung sebagai bahan subtitusi konsentrat ayam pejantan. Materi yang digunakan adalah pejantan sejumlah 30 ekor umur hari dengan rata-rata bobot badan 500 gram. Metode percobaan lapang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), terdiri dari 3 perlakuan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan PO ( 100 % ), P1 90 10 ) P2 80 ...