Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) is a membrane aminopeptidase and is homologous to the placental leucine aminopeptidase, P-LAP. IRAP has a wide distribution but has been best characterized in adipocytes and myocytes. In these cells, IRAP colocalizes with the glucose transporter GLUT4 to intracellular vesicles and, like GLUT4, translocates from these vesicles to the cell surface in respon...

The insulin-regulated membrane aminopeptidase (IRAP) was originally identified in fat and muscle cells as a major protein in intracellular vesicles that also harbor the insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4. IRAP, like GLUT4, predominantly localizes to these intracellular vesicles under basal conditions. In response to insulin IRAP, like GLUT4, translocates to the plasma membrane. Purifi...

Insulin stimulates glucose uptake by regulating translocation of the GLUT4 glucose transporter from intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane. In the absence of insulin GLUT4 is actively sequestered away from the general endosomes into GLUT4-specialized compartments, thereby controlling the amount of GLUT4 at the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated the role of the aminopeptidase IRAP...

Oxytocin is a neuromodulator with antidepressant-like effects. In vitro, oxytocin is rapidly cleaved by insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP). Oxytocin metabolites are known to exert strong central activities that are different from the effects of the parent molecule. Our goal is to investigate in vivo whether IRAP deletion modifies the antidepressant-like effects of oxytocin. Male and female...

In adipocytes and cardiac or skeletal muscle, glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4) is targeted to insulin-responsive intracellular membrane vesicles (IRVs) that contain several membrane proteins, including insulin-responsive aminopeptidase (IRAP) that completely colocalizes with GLUT4 in basal and insulin-treated cells. Cardiac GLUT4 content is reduced by 65-85% in IRAP knockout mice, suggesti...

The insulin-regulated aminopeptidase was identified as a major protein in intracellular vesicles that were derived from the low density microsomal fractions of adipocytes and muscles. The same vesicles also harbor the insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4 and have been extensively characterized as GLUT4 vesicles. At the time of its discovery IRAP was named vp165 for vesicle protein of 16...

The naturally occurring inhibitor of interleukin-1 (IL-1) action, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP), binds to the type 1 IL-1 receptor but does not initiate IL-1 signal transduction. In this study, we have determined the effects of IL-1beta and IRAP overexpression on adult beta-cell replication and viability. IL-1beta reduced dramatically beta-cell replication in adult rat islets...

The peptide angiotensin IV (Ang IV) influences seizure susceptibility in rat and mouse models. Indeed, Ang IV has been shown to protect rats from limbic seizures in the focal pilocarpine model. Moreover, both anticonvulsive and antiepileptogenic effects of Ang IV have been reported in the acute pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and kindling model of generalized seizures in mice. It has been hypothesized ...

BACKGROUND Idiopathic recurrent acute pericarditis (IRAP) is a rare disease of suspected, yet unproved, immune-mediated origin. The finding of serum heart-specific autoantibodies in IRAP would strengthen the autoimmune hypothesis and provide aetiology-specific non-invasive biomarkers. Objective To assess frequency of serum anti-heart (AHA), anti-intercalated-disk (AIDA) and non-cardiac-specific...

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating conditions affecting the horse. Autologous conditioned serum (ACS), commercially available as IRAP and IRAP II, is a recently developed treatment for OA in which plasma is prepared from venous blood by incubation with glass beads for 24 h. This product has been shown to increase anti-inflammatory cyto...