With globalization and fi nancial integration, there has been rapid growth of international lending and foreign direct investment (FDI). In view of this emerging trend, country risk analysis has become extremely important for the international creditors and investors. This paper briefl y discusses the concepts and defi nitions, and presents a survey of the quantitative methods that are used to ...

Information system development is often in connection to functional requirements and business processes in organization. The development and relevance of the basic information technology infrastructure (IT infrastructure) is therefore easily forgotten. However, a reliable infrastructure is the key to successful operations. Furthermore, as business needs change information system flexibility and...

Human speech is marked by a signal–function decoupling, the capacity to produce sounds that can fulfil variety of functions, in contrast nonverbal vocalizations such as laughter, cries and screams, which are functionally more rigid. It has been argued this decoupling provides an essential foundation for emergence language, both ontogeny phylogeny. Although language deep evolutionary history, wh...

The new training literature suggests that in a monopsonistic market employers will not only pay for fi rm-specifi c training but also for general training if the risk of poaching is limited. This implies that training participation should decrease when competition for employees is higher among fi rms. Using worker level data for Germany we fi nd that the hypothesis is supported empirically. Spe...

This study investigates the effect of IT-business strategic alignment on organizational agility by considering the effects of IT flexibility and IT capability on strategic alignment. Also this study investigates the moderating role of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between strategic alignment and organizational agility. This research is an applied research based on purpose and de...