This paper studies the analysis of reductio ad absurdum by Ibn Sı̄nā (known to the Latin West as Avicenna), who was born in 980 in a village near the Bactrian town of Balkh on the Silk Road, and died in 1037 after a career spent moving around within the present boundaries of Iran. References to Ibn Sı̄nā’s writings are to his Arabic texts listed in the bibliography, and are given in the format pa...

This article explores the concept of transcendental happiness in philosophies arguably two most important figures Islamic intellectual thought, Abū ‘Alī ibn Sīnā (d. 428/1037) and Muḥyī al-Dīn ‘Arabī 638/1240). The striking parallels between philosophy Ibn that is their agreement on Aristotelian principle as comprehension God, combined with emanationist cosmologies. Based Neoplatonist emanation...

'Abd al-Latīf al-Baghdādī's (d. 1231) work Book of the Two Pieces of Advice (Kitāb al Nasīhatayn) challenges the idea that Islamic medicine declined after the twelfth century AD. Moreover, it offers some interesting insights into the social history of medicine. 'Abd al-Latīf advocated using the framework of Greek medical epistemology to criticize the rationalist physicians of his day; he argued...

Abū ‘Alī ibn Sīnā (d. 428/1027) is regarded as the most influential philosopher in Islamic intellectual history. Of his numerous contributions, none has garnered more attention than ontological proof for existence of God, known ‘the Demonstration Truthful’ (Burhān al-ṣiddiqīn). In this proof, Ibn argues that only one being can be ‘necessarily existent’ (wājib al-wujūd). He goes on to say all at...

This article is a brief review of Ibn Sīnā’s practical philosophy. It begins with a discussion of the Platonic, Aristotelian, and Neo-Platonic influences on Ibn Sīnā’s practical philosophy, as well as the influence of Fārābī and of Islamic religious teachings. The creative synthesis invented by Ibn Sīnā requires a particular view of the relation between religion and philosophy in such a manner ...

This article deals with Ibn Sīnā’s criticisms of Aristotle regarding what the place God should be in science metaphysics. From Aristotle’s point view, existence is proved by proof motion physics and held as a subject matter that comes after physics, which According to him, metaphysics most sublime because its matter. The striking criticism against conception was put forward Sīnā. important prob...