Before making a decision, investors will analyze the company's performance first, one of ratios used by to measure level success in assessing shares, difficulty regarding valuation undervalued requires fundamentally, which is price book value. PBV) shows stock prices are categorized as expensive and cheap buying selling definitely choose stocks maximize profits (return), so authors interested c...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kebijakan utang dan dividen terhadap income smoothing. Selain itu, penelitian juga memasukkan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi. menggunakan data yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan manufaktur periode tahun 2018 sampai 2020. Data diperoleh www.idx.co.id. Sampel digunakan dalam berjumlah 108 berdasarkan purposive sampling. menyimpulkan b...

We use a Canadian survey of the unemployed to examine how household expenditures after a job loss respond to the level of income replacement provided by UI. We isolate a liquidity constraint or ‘transitory income’ effect from the ‘permanent income’ shock of job loss, and from the costs of working. We find significant effects of varying the replacement ratio among the third of the sample who did...