Background: Cytokines are cell signaling molecules which upon release by cells facilitate the recruitment of immune-modulatory cells towards the sites of inflammation. Genetic variations in cytokine genes are shown to regulate their production and affect the risk of infectious as well as autoimmune diseases. Intron-3 of interleukin-4 gene (IL-4) harbors 70-bp variable number of tandem repeats (...

background the malaysian health and morbidity survey (2006) reported the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) among the indian population compared to the malay and chinese populations. many studies have supported the important role of adiponectin in insulin-sensitizing, which is associated with t2dm. these studies have raised a research question whether the variation in prevale...

Due to the lack of written records or inscription, the origin and affiliation of Indian Jewish populations with other world populations remain contentious. Previous genetic studies have found evidence for a minor shared ancestry of Indian Jewish with Middle Eastern (Jewish) populations. However, these studies (relied on limited individuals), haven't explored the detailed temporal and spatial ad...

South Asian populations harbor a high degree of genetic diversity, due in part to demographic history. Two studies on genome-wide variation in Indian populations have shown that most Indian populations show varying degrees of admixture between ancestral north Indian and ancestral south Indian components. As a result of this structure, genetic variation in India appears to follow a geographic cl...

in this study, 52 specimens of adult indian gerbil (tatera indica) were collected by live traps (sherman traps, havahart traps and locally made traps) from range of different habitats of two localities, geno protected area (or geno biosphere reserve) and minab county, hormozgan province. at first, external, cranial and dental characters were measured and then the ratio of measured characters to...

The concept of Indo-Aryan group of peoples and their invasion has played a prominent role in explaining thecultural history of the Indian sub-continent. It was propounded that the Aryans, living somewhere outside India,invaded the Indian sub-continent around 1500 B.C. and after supplanting the indigenous powers and culturessettled in India. The Aryans were held responsible for the destruction o...

We examined the population structure of the black tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798, in the Indo-West Paci®c by analyzing the geographic distribution of elongation factor 1-alpha intron sequences from specimens collected during the winter and spring of 1997. Both the molecular phylogeny of alleles and F-statistics indicated very strong di€erentiation between populations from the west...

In recent years, mtDNA and Y chromosome studies involving human populations from South Asia and the rest of the world have revealed new insights about the peopling of the world by anatomically modern humans during the late Pleistocene, some 40,000-60,000 years ago, over the southern coastal route from Africa. Molecular studies and archaeological record are both largely consistent with autochtho...