The effect of intravenous infusion of acetate, propionate and butyrate (0, 3, 10, 30 μmol kg-' min-1 over 40 min) on the secretion of growth hormone (GH), insulin and glucagon in response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) injection (0.25 μg/kg, 10 min after the onset of acid infusion) was determined in six sheep. The intravenous injection of GRF caused a marked increase in plasma GH at e...

Intravenous administration of porcine secretin or pancreozymin or synthetic human gastrin II resulted in raised increments in serum immunoreactive insulin during intravenous infusion of glucose in normal man. Enhancement of serum immunoreactive insulin by each hormone was associated with accelerated disposal of glucose. In response to prolonged intravenous infusion of arginine with pancreozymin...

Studies were carried out to determine if hyperaminoacidemia stimulates the secretion of pancreatic glucagon, and, if so, to evaluate the effect of endogenous and exogenous pancreozymin and of hyperglycemia upon this response. The intravenous administration to 16 dogs of 1 g/kg of a 10 amino acid mixture over a 60 min period raised amino nitrogen to a mean level of 13.5 mg/100 ml; mean pancreati...

BACKGROUND Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibits eating in healthy, overweight, and diabetic subjects. OBJECTIVE The GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9-39)NH2 (ex9-39) was used to further explore the role of GLP-1 as an endogenous satiation signal. DESIGN Two double-blind, 4-way crossover studies were performed, each of which included 10 healthy men. In study A, subjects recei...

The nature and extent of somatostatin-induced inhibition of pancreatic endocrine secretion were studied by administration of a number of stimuli of either glucagon or insulin to over night fasted baboons with and without an infusion of linear somatostatin. The stimuli for acute-phase insulin release were intravenous pulses of glucose, tolbutamide, isoproterenol, and secretin. When given 15 min ...

OBJECTIVE Development of posttransplantation diabetes (PTDM) is characterized by reduced insulin secretion and sensitivity. We aimed to investigate whether hyperglucagonemia could play a role in PTDM and to examine the insulinotropic and glucagonostatic effects of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) during fasting and hyperglycemic conditions, respectively. RESEARCH DESIGN AN...

To determine if both phases of glucagon secretion are excessive in diabetes, arginine was admimistered intravenously as pulses and as infusions to normal subjects, insulin-dependent diabetics, and noninsulin-requiring diabetics. The acute phase of glucagon secretion, in response to arginine pulses at four different doses (submaximal to maximal alpha-cell stimulating), was indistinguishable in t...

This paper presents using the fractional PImDn controller module which manipulates insulin infusion rate to maintain normoglycemia in subjects with type 1 diabetes. To prevent severe hypoglycemia, a conventional proportional controller is used to regulate glucagon infusion rate when the blood glucose levels fall below a threshold. Two sets of controller parameters are obtained and evaluated. Fo...

The exact metabolic relationship between insulin and glucagon is still a matter of controversy. Some authors (2,3) have proposed that glucagon, like insulin, enhances the peripheral utilization of glucose. However, much evidence has been obtained which suggests that glucagon antagonizes the action of insulin. The results obtained by Thorogood and Zimmerman (4) suggested that, since alloxan-diab...

The effect of equal (1.1 +/- 0.1 g/kg body wt) amounts of glucose administered orally, or by peripheral intravenous or intraportal infusion on hepatic glucose uptake and fractional hepatic extraction of insulin and glucagon was studied in conscious dogs with chronically implanted Doppler flow probes on the portal vein and hepatic artery and catheters in the portal vein, hepatic vein, carotid ar...