The consumer response to changing gasoline prices has long interested economists and policymakers, for it has important implications for the effects of gasoline taxation and vehicle energy efficiency policies. This study examines both the elasticity of driving with respect to changing gasoline prices and heterogeneity in this elasticity by geography, the fuel economy of the vehicle, and the age...

This paper studies how changes in oil supply expectations affect the price and macroeconomy. Using a novel identification design, exploiting institutional features of OPEC high-frequency data, I identify an news shock. These shocks have statistically economically significant effects. Negative leads to immediate increase prices, gradual fall production, inventories. has consequences for US econo...

We present a simple model of petroleum exploration and development that can be applied to study the performance of alternative tax systems and identify potential distortions. Although the model is a highly simplified, it incorporates many factors and some of the key tradeoffs that would influence an investor’s investment behavior. The model recognizes the role of enhanced oil recovery and treat...

This paper aims to identify key challenges facing Iran and South Korea in their bilateral trade and investment relations. In particular, it is concerned with the policy implications which can be useful for policy makers and business people of both countries. For this purpose, we review and analyze the recent developments of the Iranian economy and bilateral trade and investment relations betwee...

the aim of this paper is to investigate the existence of the new non-ricardian regime policy in iranian economy. we detected signs of the non-ricardian regime from quarterly data of 1369 to 1391. to investigate further a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is designed to estimate the fiscal and monetary parameters using a bayesian approach. our results indicated a passive monetary poli...

depending on the assumptions that are made in new keynesian models, one can attain different new keynesian phillips curves. in this study, three different new keynesian phillips curves and two different central bank behavioural functions are presented which leaves six new keynesian dsge models to study. the purpose of this study is the comparison of these six models and selecting the best model...

This paper examines the transformation of the Iranian economy through the Twentieth Century within a global context. At the start of that century, the Iranian economy had long remained stagnant, poor, and largely agrarian, with a marginal role in the world economy. By the turn of 21 century, Iran had transformed into a complex and relatively large economy with important consequences for the eco...

this paper presents a new index of financial stress which is constructed by macro data from different financial markets (including banking sector and also housing, foreign exchange and stock markets). the proposed approach has been applied to the iranian economy based on the available quarterly time series, covering the period 1991(1)–2008(2). the paper explains how the selected components capt...

i n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. the majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to unemployment ...

Impact of Rural Employment Guarantee Schemes on Seasonal Labor Markets: Optimum Compensation and Workers’ Welfare The recent enactment of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in India has been widely hailed a policy that provides a safety net for the rural poor with the potential to boost rural income, stabilize agricultural production and reduce rural-urban migration. This paper, models...