Total antigens from Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes, solubilized with sodium cholate (dsLp), were formulated within ultradeformable nanovesicles (dsLp-ultradeformable archaeosomes, (dsLp-UDA), and dsLp-ultradeformable liposomes (dsLp-UDL)) and topically administered to Balb/c mice. Ultradeformable nanovesicles can penetrate the intact stratum corneum up to the viable epidermis, with no ai...

Lipid-laden peripheral tissue cells release cholesterol to an extracellular acceptor such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Foam cells are formed at the first stage of atherosclerosis development. This study investigated whether sage weed (Salvia plebeia) extract (SWE) influences cholesterol handling of J774A1 murine macrophages. A murine macrophage cell line, J774A1, was used in this study. O...

Previous studies reported antiprotozoal activities of Sapindus saponaria L. The aim of this work was the evaluation of antileishmanial activity and mechanism of action of extract and fractions of S. saponaria L. Hydroethanolic extract (EHA) obtained from fruit pericarps was fractionated using solid-phase extraction in a reversed phase, resulting in fractions enriched with saponins (SAP fraction...

1046-5928/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.pep.2009.09.016 * Corresponding author. Fax: +1 215 503 6795. E-mail address: [email protected] (M 1 Two authors contributed equally. 2 Abbreviations used: PA, protective antigen; ATR/C capillary morphogenesis protein 2; VWA, the von Wil fragment of human immunoglobulin. Mass vaccination against anthrax with existing vac...

The aim of our work was to examine the relationship between modifications of the surface of nanocapsules (NC) by adsorption or covalent grafting of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG), and changes in their phospholipid (PL) content on complement activation (C3 cleavage) and on uptake by macrophages. The physicochemical characterization of the NC included an investigation of their properties, such as sur...

The anti-proliferative action of three alkyl-lysophospholipid derivatives, edelfosine (ET-OCH), miltefosine (Hexadecylphosphocholine), and ilmofosine (BM 14.440) has been studied on the promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania donovani. The effect of the three drugs has previously been studied, but the action mode was not clearly elucidated. In this study the effect on the intracellular amas...

Macrophages are essential components of the innate and adaptive immune responses, playing a decisive role in atherosclerosis, asthma, obesity, and cancer. The differential gene expression resulting from adhesion of macrophages to the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) has been studied in the J774A1 murine macrophage cell line using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The goal of this study ...

BACKGROUND Expression of the iron exporter ferroportin at the plasma membrane of macrophages is enhanced by iron loading and is decreased by hepcidin. We previously showed that ferroportin is present in specific cell surface domains suggestive of lipid rafts. Herein, we have clarified the localization of ferroportin in macrophage membranes and tested whether raft-mediated endocytosis plays a ro...

Piper amalago L. leaves were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide and compressed propane under different conditions, and with chloroform by the conventional maceration method. These methods were compared for the pyrrolidine alkaloid content. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SFE-CO₂) at 313 K and 12.55 MPa showed the highest selectivity for the main compound (600.53 mg/g of extract). A gradi...

Copper is an essential metal for life, but toxic at high concentrations. In mammalian cells, two copper transporters are known, CTR1 and CTR2. order to gain insights on the possible influence of import pathway cellular responses copper, challenges were compared: one with ion, which likely use preferentially CTR1, a copper-polyacrylate complex, will be internalized via endosomal A model system c...