landscape fragmentation has threatened the landscape continuity of ray which was maintainedfrom prehistoric times until recent decades. from 19th century that tehran sprawl growth affected ray’slandscape as a satellite city of tehran, ray experienced rapid landscape fragmentation and underwent manychanges. in order to cope with the threat, the process of changes from landscape fragmentation sho...

• What is the range and pattern of variability in landscape structure under “natural” and anthropogenic disturbance regimes? RMLANDS provides a mechanistic approach for evaluating disturbance and succession processes over broad spatial (100,000's of ha) and temporal scales (100's of years) not possible or practical with empirical field studies. Moreover, RMLANDS allows us to ask “what if” quest...

Macromoth diversity, abundance, and community structure in the topographically complex HJ Andrews Experimental Forest and LTER site was studied on the west slope of the Cascade Range, Oregon. Data on 493 macromoth species (62,221 individuals) was sampled eight times/year at 20 locations from 2004 to 2008 and examined using multivariate statistics and generalized additive models to determine the...

The main concept behind this paper is that pattern and processes are linked in a mutual way. In the last decades landscape ecology was dominated by quantitative descriptions (landscape metrics ) of the landscape under concern and its components. Now there is a growing interest in the cause-effect-relationships between these environmental characteristics. Highresolution aerial photography hold a...

human activities induced changes in land cover/use have extensive impacts on the landscape. in recent years, these changes had an increasingly growth due to irrational use of the natural resources in iran. hence, considering the negative effects of the inappropriate use of land and land-use change, understanding of the landscape changes over time is necessary to planning and implementation of s...

Broad-scale destruction and fragmentation of native vegetation is a highly visible result of human land-use throughout the world (Chapter 4). From the Atlantic Forests of South America to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia, and in many other regions on Earth, much of the original vegetation now remains only as fragments amidst expanses of land committed to feeding and housing human beings. ...