The studied area includes Sulaimani, Erbil and Dohuk Governorates where Cretaceous rocks are well exposed in the High Folded Zone of North and Northeastern Iraq. This area is part of the northwestern boundary of Arabian platform near to Iranian border. In these governorates, the study tries to clarify the relations between deep and shallow stratigraphic units (formation or facies) during Cretac...

Understanding how changes in fluvial and marginal marine architecture correlate with shifts in marine shoreface architecture is a crucial step to understanding the effect of relative sea level changes on terrestrial sedimentary systems. Three measured sections (each >230 m), 2367 paleocurrent measurements, and examinations of lateral facies relationships were made over 3 km of continuous outcro...

Identification of specific environments of deposition represented by black shales has been a traditional puzzle for geologists. The present study was undertaken to see whether sedimentary structures, especially biogenic structures, could be used to subdivide the inclusive term "black shale facies." Because of the prevalence of infauna, modern marine muds are typically bioturbate; only where ani...

Geological facies interpretation is essential for reservoir studying. The method of classification and identification seismic traces is a powerful approach for geological facies classification and distinction. Use of neural networks as classifiers is increasing in different sciences like seismic. They are computer efficient and ideal for patterns identification. They can simply learn new algori...

Triassic and Jurassic carbonates across the Middle East host large amounts of hydrocarbons, but the degree of sedimentary heterogeneity across different scales in carbonates varies significantly. In this study we investigate the regional evolution of a carbonate ramp across the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic on the Musandam Peninsula (UAE and Oman) in a series of wadis, 45 km apart. Lithostrat...

Aghajari Formation, known as Upper Fars Group, is developed throughout the Folded Zagros Zone and has a thickness of 2966 m in its type section in SW of Iran and 1473 m in the study area, located 20 km west of Shiraz. Aghajari Formation, in this area, consists of three major facies associations. These are "fine", "medium" and "coarse" grained terrigenous sediments, usually interpreted as channe...

The occurrence of power law relationships in the spatial distribution of sedimentary lithotopes has been identified in both modern and ancient carbonate depositional bodies. In this study, facies patterns and their spatial relationships are investigated quantitatively in an Arabian Gulf shallow subtidal carbonate ramp setting, using a synergy of IKONOS satellite imagery and vessel-based acousti...

A shelf to basin-slope transition is vertically and laterally exposed within the Late Proterozoic Wonoka Formation in the northern Flinders Ranges of South Australia. The shelf to basin-slope transition can be divided into four units (C to F) which are defined on the basis of facies, sedimentary structures, contacts, stratal geometry, and the type and abundance of down-slope mass movement. The ...

Erosional and sedimentary features associated with flooding have been documented in both modern and past cases. However, only a few studies have demonstrated the relationship between these features and the corresponding hydraulic conditions that produced them, making it difficult to evaluate the magnitude of paleo-flooding. This study describes the characteristics associated with inundation dep...