The aim of this paper is numerical and experimental study of the effects of flow hydraulics, pipe structure (particularly elastic behaviour) and submerged jet on leak behaviour. In this regard, experimental tests were performed on a high-pressure circulation set up. Experiments were performed on an old steel pipe and a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe discharged to the atmosphere in a wide...

Introduction: Methane is one of the most widely used gases in industries with a high flammability potential. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of ventilation systems installed on methane valve pits based on hazardous areas classification. Material and Methods: This study was implemented in a steel industry in Qom Province in 2019. The tools used in this study were a DELTA OHM pitot t...

INTRODUCTION The cuff-leak test has been proposed as a simple method to predict the occurrence of post-extubation stridor. The test is performed by cuff deflation and measuring the expired tidal volume a few breaths later (VT). The leak is calculated as the difference between VT with and without a deflated cuff. However, because the cuff remains deflated throughout the respiratory cycle a volum...

Refrigeration service personnel have used leak detection equipment for years when servicing refrigeration equipment. In the past, leak detection typically was only concerned with leak pinpointing, either with an ultrasonic device, soap bubbles, dyes, thermal conductivity, or other electronic devices. Today, refrigerant leak detectors exist not only for pinpointing leaks, but also for monitoring...

introduction: endoscopic repair is considered the treatment of choice in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) rhinorrhea. the aim of our study was to analyze the etiopathogenesis of csf rhinorrhea, the outcome of treatment and the causes of failure in a developing-country setting.   materials and methods: a retrospective review of patients treated with endoscopic repair for csf rhinorrhea at a tertiary ca...

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that peritoneal cytokine concentrations may predict anastomotic leak after colorectal surgery, but previous studies have been underpowered. OBJECTIVE We aimed to test this hypothesis by using a larger prospectively collected data set. DESIGN This study is an analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTINGS This study was conducted at 3 public ho...

in this research an algorithm based on monte carlo simulation is introduced to assess the risk of fire following earthquake in residential, industrial, educational, and governmental land-uses in district no. 20 of tehran. the proposed algorithm consist of different modules including hazard analysis, vulnerability assessment, leak and break analysis of damaged pipeline, ignition probability anal...

AIM To investigate the contribution of fluorescein angiographic leaking microaneurysms (leak-MA) versus non-leaking microaneurysms (non-leak-MA) to retinal thickening in diabetic retinopathy. METHODS A consecutive series of 38 eyes from 24 patients with diabetic retinopathy was included. Leak-MA and non-leak-MA in each eye were selected in pairs at corresponding topographic location. Leaking ...