In quantum gauge theory of gravity, the gravitational field is represented by gravitational gauge field. The field strength of gravitational gauge field has both gravitoelectric component and gravitomagnetic component. In classical level, gauge theory of gravity gives out classical Newtonian gravitational interactions in a relativistic form. Besides, it gives out gravitational Lorentz force whi...

A conservative formulation of the Lorentz force is given here for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows at a low magnetic Reynolds number with the current density calculated based on Ohm’s law and the electrical potential formula. This conservative formula shows that the total momentum contributed from the Lorentz force is conservative when the applied magnetic field is constant. For the case with a ...

The Lorentz force equation F = q(E + v × B), which has been used by the engineering community since early 20th century to control motion of electrons on free trajectories, in a wide range technical applications, is generalized that was originally developed Hendrik Antoon at beginning century, and treats, single formulation, two very different aspects behavior free-moving electrons. This article...