Water vapor jet assisted metal cutting is a pollution-free green cutting technique. This paper has developed a three-dimensional finite element model of water vapor jet assisted cutting in order to understand the influence of its cooling and lubricating effect on cutting process. The cooling effect of water vapor jet is modeled with a convective heat transfer coefficient. A window with the temp...

Osteoarthritis is a disease of multifactorial aetiology characterised by progressive breakdown of articular cartilage. In the early stages of the disease, changes become apparent in the superficial zone of articular cartilage, including fibrillation and fissuring. Normally, a monolayer of lubricating molecules is adsorbed on the surface of cartilage and contributes to the minimal friction and w...

Three-dimensional modeling of upper-mantle anelastic structure reveals that thermal upwellings associated with the two superplumes, imaged by seismic elastic tomography at the base of the mantle, persist through the upper-mantle transition zone and are deflected horizontally beneath the lithosphere. This explains the unique transverse shear wave isotropy in the central Pacific. We infer that th...

INTRODUCTION Superficial zone proteoglycan (SZP) is a ~345 kDa proteoglycan that is synthesised by the superficial zone chondrocytes (but not chondrocytes from midand deep zones) of bovine articular cartilage and some of the surface lining cells of the synovium [1]. SZP has been demonstrated to be a multifunctional protein that has potential growth promoting and matrix-binding properties associ...

INTRODUCTION: Superficial zone protein (SZP) is a 345 kD glycoprotein, which contains glycosaminoglycan chains (1). Immunohistochemical and biochemical studies have demonstrated that this molecule displays a highly restricted distribution in normal articular cartilage (2,3). It is present at the very surface of the cartilage in the lamina splendens. The molecule is synthesized by chondrocytes i...

The paper proposes a novel nano bearing formed by the physical adsorption of the confined fluid to the solid wall. The bearing is formed between two parallel smooth solid plane walls sliding against one another, where conventional hydrodynamic lubrication theory predicted no lubricating effect. In this bearing, the stationary solid wall is divided into two subzones which respectively have diffe...

Metal abrasive particle content in lubricating oil is an important index to judge the degree of deterioration of lubricating oil. Established a spiral electrode capacitance sensor by the finite element software ANSYS, the simulation result shows that the sensor is sensitive to the content of metal abrasive particle in lubricating oil, not affect by the metal abrasive particle itself. According ...

Self-lubricating bearings in hydropower applications are often lubricated with water under boundary lubricating conditions. Polyhydric alcohols replacing water have shown the potential to reduce both friction and wear. The objective of this work is, therefore, to evaluate the effect of a polyhydric alcohol-based environmentally-acceptable lubricant (EAL) on the friction and wear of self-lubrica...

SKD 11 tool steel is among the most popular metals in mold industries for making different kinds of cold work molds and dies with high accuracy and long service life. The demand for higher quality, lower manufacturing costs, particularly the environmentally friendly characteristics, have provided the stimuli for manufacturers and researchers to find alternative solutions. An excellent media is ...

Castor oil plant seeds (Ricinus communis L.) were grown in spent lubricating oil (SLO) contaminated soil at concentrations of 1-6% (w/w, oil/soil). Plant height and stem girth were depressed by spent lubricating oil at concentrations of 2% (w/w) and above. One percent (1%) spent lubricating oil in soil promoted growth of plants when compared with control. Fresh and dry weights of R. communis pl...