The ability of concrete to attenuate ionizing radiation intensity is assessed using its linear or mass attenuation coefficient. In this work, the broad-beam linear and mass attenuation coefficients of different types of soils and cements used for making concrete were measured at different photon energies (60-1333 keV), nearly spanning the diagnostic photon energy range, using a NaI detector. Th...

The Sound attenuation and dispersion in saturated gas-vapor-droplet mixture in the presence of evaporation has been investigated theoretically. The theory is based on an extension of the work of Davidson (1975) to accommodate the effects of nonlinear particle relaxation processes of mass, momentum and energy transfer on sound attenuation and dispersion. The results indicate the existence of a s...

Recent measurements of mass attenuation coefficients have identified the determination of the thickness of the absorbing specimen as the major limitation to the accuracy of the measurement. We present a technique for determining the mass attenuation coefficient with high accuracy. The technique uses the integral of the density along a column extending through the thickness of the absorber, whic...

Background: Lead glass has a wide variety of applications in radiation protection. This study aims to investigate some characteristics of lead glass such as the γ-ray energy-dependent mass and linear attenuation coefficients, the half-value layer thickness, and the absorbed dose distribution for specific energy. Materials and Methods: The attenuation parameters of different lead glass types aga...

We compare new experimental x-ray total mass attenuation coefficients of silicon obtained with the x-ray extended-range technique (XERT) from 5 to 20 keV with theoretical calculations and earlier experimental measurements over a 5 to 50 keV energy range. The accuracy of between 0.27% and 0.5% of the XERT data allows us to probe alternate atomic and solid state wave function calculations and to ...

With increasing demand for better yield in agricultural areas, soil physical property representative measurements are more and more essential. Nuclear techniques such as computerized tomography (CT) and gamma-ray attenuation (GAT) have been widely employed with this purpose. The soil mass attenuation coefficient (μ(s)) is an important parameter for CT and GAT analysis. When experimentally deter...

The dependence of the speed of sound and the attenuation coefficient upon exposure frequency, in the range of 1-5 MHz, and upon level of inflation, in the range of mass density 0.35-0.7 g/cm3, are reported. The speed of sound decreases linearly and the attenuation coefficient increases exponentially, for all levels of inflation studied.