This paper provides a framework which, being compatible with Lakoff and Johnson’s theory (1980), allows a description of metaphoric verbal utterances. The development of this theoretical expansion is encouraged by Lakoff and Johnson’s distinction between nonliteral and literal metaphoric expressions, and by the fact that they do not provide an explanation of the nonliteral metaphoric use of exp...

Abstract Previous research suggests that the right hemisphere (RH) may contribute uniquely to the processing of metaphoric language. However, causal relationships between local brain activity in the RH and metaphors comprehension were never established. In addition, most studies have focused on familiar metaphoric expressions which might be processed similarly to any conventional word combinati...

this paper focused on the way names of body parts are artistically used to convey meanings and messages in kifipa, a bantu language spoken in tanzania. since the body parts metaphors are used by people to portray meanings in their daily conversations (kovecses, 2004; vierke, 2012), the paper investigated such linguistic richness in the language. methodologically, the study identified names of b...

BACKGROUND All languages use metaphoric expressions; some deliberately chosen, some (for example, 'digesting information') not usually perceived as metaphoric. Increasingly, it is suggested metaphoric expressions constrain the way we conceptualise the world, as well as being a means of achieving stylistic effect. AIM To study metaphoric expressions used by doctors and patients in general prac...

Due to inconsistent findings, the role of the two cerebral hemispheres in processing metaphoric language is controversial. The present study examined the possibility that these inconsistent findings may be due, at least partly, to differences in the type (i.e., words vs sentences) or the familiarity of the linguistic material. Previous research has shown that novel two-word metaphoric expressio...

Cognitive linguists contend that learners’ awareness of motivations is the key in not only second language acquisition but also figurative language learning. Two cognitive-oriented methods are proposed to raise L2 learners’ awareness on metaphoric/metonymic expressions and to enhance retention: instruction involving conceptual metaphors (CM) and instruction involving metaphoric mappings (MM). T...

In this paper we address the issue of the encoding of information on metaphoric expressions in a (multilingual) lexical-semantic database for NLP applications. When analysing corpus data we find a huge number of metaphoric expressions which can be hardly dealt with by using as reference databases resources already developed. In particular, we have compared information contained both in dictiona...

The fictional world imaginatively constituted during literary reading is sometimes compared with the imaginal world created during dreaming. At the core of both reading and dreaming may be the type of attentional adjustment that occurs when departures from expected events emerge in experience. During dreaming, markers of this attentional adjustment – and of the related transformations of dream ...

Motivated by the limits of EWN with respect to the treatment of metaphor and the consequences on the use of the database for WSD, we address the issue of the encoding of information on metaphors in wordnets. We assume as a starting point the theory of metaphor as a cognitive rather than a linguistic phenomenon, as proposed by [1] and [2]. According to this theory, metaphoric linguistic expressi...

The process of facilitating a meaningful reframing of persistent pain often involves metaphoric expression. In practice, this encompasses a variety of methods which attempt to find simplicity amid the cluttered complexities of a biopsychosocial pain management model. With this in mind, we must consider the impact that our metaphoric expressions have on our practice, and how they might influence...