It is difficult to predict future traffic precisely although it is assumed that the amount of future traffic is predictable in many researches on a multi-period planning for WDM networks. In this paper, we propose a wavelength-routing algorithm that maximizes the number of accommodated lightpaths without precise prediction of future traffic demand. Since our algorithm reduces the number of leas...

Aggregate production planning (APP) involves the simultaneous determination of company’s production, inventory and employment levels which fall between the broad decisions of long range planning and detailed short range planning. A mathematical model is formulated to investigate the optimal decision on each planning period. The goal is to minimize the total relevant costs considering time varyi...

for the rural population, an improvement in the income of the agriculture and allied sectors is essential for improving the welfare, rural economic prosperity, and the overall economic development. the objective of this study was to determine the optimal pattern in various activities of forest fringe villagers of hezarjarib area in 2013 for management of resources and rural development planning...

This paper discusses the design characteristics management accounting systems should have to be useful for strategic planning and control and provides brief introductions to strategic variance analysis and profit-linked performance measurement models. It shows two multi-period, multi-product models (Banker, Chang and Majumdar 1993; Banker and Johnston 1989) are specified, can be related to Port...

In this study, tactical decisions considering the material and financial flows in a supply chain have been made. To achieve these aims and some effective solutions, a multi-objective mathematical model proposed for an integrated supply chain master planning problem. The multi-product, multi-period and capacitated supply chain network has three objective functions. Two first objective functions ...