conclusions these results showed an inhibitory effect for the extract of asafetida on muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle. results the ec50 obtained in the presence of higher concentration of the extract muscle was significantly higher compared to saline (p < 0.01). the maximum responses to methacholine in the presence of higher concentration of the extract (10 mg/ml) was significant...

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Acetylcholine Receptors [53]) are activated endogenous agonist acetylcholine. All five (M1-M5) mAChRs ubiquitously expressed in human body and therefore attractive targets for many disorders. Functionally, M1, M3, M5 preferentially couple to Gq/11 proteins, whilst M2 M4 predominantly Gi/o protei...

Several lines of evidence have indicated that many nuclei in the brain including preoptic nucleus, AV3V, subfornical organ, septal area and lateral hypothalamus are the targets of efferents from chemo-sensitive and pressure-sensitive systems. These areas may concern with regulation of fluid homeostasis. In the present study, intracerebroventricular injections were carried out in all experiments...

Objective(s): Nanoparticles of iron oxide (nFe2O3) are widely used in medicine and industry and could interfere with the brain processes associated with memory. The involvement of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the process of memory formation has been confirmed. The present study aimed to investigate the possible interference of the cholinergic muscarinic receptors of the dorsal hippocampa...

Several lines of evidence have indicated that many nuclei in the brain including preoptic nucleus, AV3V, subfornical organ, septal area and lateral hypothalamus are the targets of efferents from chemo-sensitive and pressure-sensitive systems. These areas may concern with regulation of fluid homeostasis. In the present study, intracerebroventricular injections were carried out in all experiments...

schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric illness with a lifetime prevalence of ˜1% that imposes a huge toll on patients, their families and public health services worldwide. delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior and negative symptoms constitute the core symptoms of schizophrenia. although the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a prominent role in t...

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric illness with a lifetime prevalence of ˜1% that imposes a huge toll on patients, their families and public health services worldwide. Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior and negative symptoms constitute the core symptoms of schizophrenia. Although the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a prominent role in t...

objective(s): in the present study, the effect of tissue incubation with propranolol on functional antagonism of zataria multiflora boiss (z. multiflora) at muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle was examined.  materials and methods: the effects of three concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract, 10 nm atropine, and saline on muscarinic receptors were tested on incubated tracheal smoo...

Many inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain activate Kir3 channels by stimulating pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive G-protein-coupled receptors. Here, we investigated the regulation of native muscarinic receptors and Kir3 channels expressed in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells, which are similar to sympathetic neurons. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and immunocytochemistry revealed that NG...