Author Steven Zeisel believes DEA could induce fetal neural abnormalities in humans, too. “It’s hard to estimate human exposure, but we believe the mice had exposures about ten times higher,” he says, assuming that people bathe and shampoo daily with DEA-containing products, and use DEAcontaining sunscreen. “There’s no reason to believe we wouldn’t see similar effects in humans.” The authors no...

In this paper, a novel approach combining fuzzy data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is proposed to rank units with multiple fuzzy criteria. The hybrid fuzzy DEA/AHP approach derives the AHP pairwise comparisons by fuzzy DEA and utilizes AHP to fully rank units. It shows that the proposed approach generates a logical ranking of units that has perfect com...

BACKGROUND Denitrification is an important ecosystem service that removes nitrogen (N) from N-polluted watersheds, buffering soil, stream, and river water quality from excess N by returning N to the atmosphere before it reaches lakes or oceans and leads to eutrophication. The denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) assay is widely used for measuring denitrification potential. Because DEA is a fun...

Despite the large uses of inverse DEA models, there is not any single application of inverse linear programming in DEA when the definition of inverse linear programming is taken under account. Thus the goal of this paper is applying the inverse linear programming into DEA field, and to provide a streamlined approach to DEA and Additive model. Having the entire efficient DMUs in DEA models is a...

Amiodarone (AM) is a potent antidysrhythmic agent that can cause potentially life-threatening pulmonary fibrosis, and N-desethylamiodarone (DEA), an AM metabolite, may contribute to AM toxicity. Apoptotic cell death in nontransformed human peripheral lung epithelial 1A (HPL1A) cells was assessed by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (ann-V) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-m...

BACKGROUND Dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1.1 is the most important RBC antigen clinically, as it is highly immunogenic and causes acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR) in sensitized dogs. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of DEA 1.1 expression in 4 Turkish dog breeds, and to estimate the potential risk of HTR when blood from a DEA 1.1-positive donor is ad...

The main difference between conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) and network (NDEA) lies in the internal structure of a decision-making unit (DMU). Most existing NDEA methodologies neglect to address issue incorporating influence intermediate, directly objective function. To overcome this shortcoming, paper, based on feature SBM model, researcher is setting an NSBM model for evaluating ...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a nonparametric technique that includes models to evaluate the relative efficiency of decision making units (dmus). it has the ability to separate efficient units and inefficient units. one of the applications of this mathematical technique is evaluating performance of supply chain. according to such as the inefficiency factors of one dmu, is existence congest...

One of the most complicated decision making problems for managers is the evaluation of bank performance, which involves various criteria. There are many studies about bank efficiency evaluation by network DEA in the literature review. These studies do not focus on multi-level network. Wu (Eur J Oper Res 207:856–864, 2010) proposed a bi-level structure for cost efficiency at the first time. In t...