the aim of this paper is to minimize output phase noise for the pure signal synthesis in the frequency synthesizers. for this purpose, first, an exact mathematical model of phase locked loop (pll) based frequency synthesizer is described and analyzed. then, an exact closed-form formula in terms of synthesizer bandwidth and total output phase noise is extracted. based on this formula, the phase ...

the speech enhancement techniques are often employed to improve the quality and intelligibility of the noisy speech signals. this paper discusses a novel technique for speech enhancement which is based on singular value decomposition. this implementation utilizes a genetic algorithm based optimization method for reducing the effects of environmental noises from the singular vectors as well as t...

this paper tries to determine efficiency of noise control method using fuzzy logic and based on collected data. from among various methods of noise control in workplace, sex methods (enclosure, installing noise absorber, enclosure and absorber, active, and administrative control, and personal protective equipment) were typically selected based on experts' judgment. for each of selected control ...

introduction: one of the major problems in the development of nuclear medicine images is the presence of noise. the noise level in nuclear medicine images is usually reduced by the analysis of imaging data in a fourier transform environment. the main drawback of this environment belongs to low signal to noise ratio in high frequencies because removing noise frequencies may remove data and times...

speckle is a granular disturbance in coherent images such as synthetic aperture radar (sar) images, modeled as a multiplicative noise. this noise degrades the sar image and complicates the image exploitation using automated image analysis techniques. several approaches have been developed to reduce the effect of speckle noise. recently, the application of compressed sensing (cs) is explored in ...