background: the inappropriate use of handouts and notes is a common academic problem among students. students' notes are too brief and incomplete in compare with references; hence they may not cover the required content for the courses. the aim of this paper is to analyze students' attitude toward reading handouts and notes instead of references. methods: in this analytical and descri...

Background: the inappropriate use of handouts and notes is a common academic problem among students. Students' notes are too brief and incomplete in compare with references; hence they may not cover the required content for the courses. The aim of this paper is to analyze students' attitude toward reading handouts and notes instead of references. Methods: In this analytical and descriptive stud...

The pivotal role of listening comprehension in second/foreign language learning requires that researchers conduct studies which investigate factors that affect test takers’ performances. The present study was set out to examine whether item modality (i.e., written vs. oral items) affects listening comprehension test performance. In addition, it investigated whether allowing test takers to take ...

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Collaborative note taking enables students in a class to take notes on their Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and laptops and share them with their “study group” in real-time. Students also receive instructor’s slides in real-time as they are displayed by the instructor. As the individual members of the group take notes pertaining to the slide being presented, their notes are automatically se...