this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of maternal diabetes on fetal spinal structure, especiallyin brachial enlargement. sixteen adult female rats were divided into two groups. diabetes was induced in one group by alloxan agent. both groups became pregnant by natural matting. on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after birth, the brachial enlargement of the spinal cord was collected from offsprin...

background: alpha methyldopa (amd) is a well-known treatment for the pregnancy induced hypertension and commonly used in several countries. indeed the possible effect of amd on the behavioral activities of offspring, whom are exposed during fetus period, has not been studied. the present study evaluated the possible effect of maternal administration of amd on the rat offspring memory in the gro...

this research was designed to study sexual differences in place conditioning induced by morphine in offspring born of female wistar rats mated with drug-naïve males. mothers were exposed to morphine during the 14th-16th days of gestational. control dams were simply saline-injected. female and male virgin offspring born of morphine-treated or saline-treated mothers were separately housed until b...

objective(s): the muller cell is the principal glial cell of the vertebrate retina. the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) in the muller cells was used as a cellular marker for retinal damage. this study was done to evaluate the effect of gestational diabetes on retinal muller cells in rat's offspring. materials and methods: in this experimental study, 12 wistar rat dams ...

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus affects 3-5% of all human pregnancy.Studies reported the neurotoxic effect of gestational diabetes on cerebellarand spinal cord in rat offspring. This study was conducted to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on astrocyte density in the cerebellum of rat offspring. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 Wistar rats dams were ran...

Dietary consumption of processed high fat diet led to the development metabolic diseases. This study aimed demonstrate retinopathy in a rat offspring maternally fed on cholesterol an...

objective(s): epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. gestational stress has been shown to be an important factor for affecting seizure susceptibility. the present study was conducted to address whether gestational stress may affect pentylentetrazol (ptz)-induced epileptic behavior in rat offspring in a sex- and age- dependent...

  Objective(s): Epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Gestational stress has been shown to be an important factor for affecting seizure susceptibility. The present study was conducted to address whether gestational stress may affect pentylentetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptic behavior in rat offspring in a sex- and a...

  Objective(s): The effect of maternal voluntary exercise on hippocampal BDNF level in rat offspring was studied. In addition, the possible role of hippocampal BDNF receptors in maternal exercise induced enhancement of learning in the rat pups was investigated.   Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats have been randomly assigned to sedentary control or voluntary exercise groups. Each of the exerc...

objective(s):the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nano-silver and garlic administration during pregnancy on neuron apoptosis in rat offspring hippocampus. materials and methods: fifty pregnant wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: 1- nano- silver (n.s) group; 30 mg/kg of n.s treated via gavage. 2- control (c) group, administrated with distilled water via gavage....