Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was used as solvent to synthesize oleyl oleate as an analog of Jojoba oil from oleic acid and oleyl alcohol with high conversion (100%) of the acid into ester in a short time of 100 min. Utilizing a low cost solid catalyst, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA), the esterification reaction was performed, without any prior preparation step...

supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-co2) was used as solvent to synthesize oleyl oleate as an analog of jojoba oil from oleic acid and oleyl alcohol with high conversion (100%) of the acid into ester in a short time of 100 min. utilizing a low cost solid catalyst, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (ptsa), the esterification reaction was performed, without any prior preparation step, in a flow mod...

Various organic compounds used as diluents, modifiers and extractants in lactic acid extraction have been tested to determine their toxicity towards Lactobacillus casei cells. The toxicity on molecular and phase level has been investigated. In general, the tested hydrocarbons were non-toxic on molecular level and showed variable toxicity on phase level. Among the tested alcohols octanol and ole...

Recovery of metabolites from fermentation broth by solvent extraction can be used to optimize fermentation processes. End-product reutilization, low product concentration and large volumes of fermentation broth and the requirements for large bioreactors, in addition to the high cost largely contributed to the decline in fermentative 2,3-butanediol production. Extraction can successfully be ...

recovery of metabolites from fermentation broth by solvent extraction can be used to optimize fermentation processes. end-product reutilization, low product concentration and large volumes of fermentation broth and the requirements for large bioreactors, in addition to the high cost largely contributed to the decline in fermentative 2,3-butanediol production. extraction can successfully be used...

Background n-Butyraldehyde is a high-production volume chemical produced exclusively from hydroformylation of propylene. It is a versatile chemical used in the synthesis of diverse C4-C8 alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, and amines. Its high demand and broad applications make it an ideal chemical to be produced from biomass. Results An Escherichia coli strain was engineered to produce n-but...

Oleyl oleate (liquid wax ester); is a principal component of sperm whale bubbler oil has an important industrial application such as cosmetic, pharmaceutical and biolubricant. In this work, synthesis oleyl was carried out through esterification between oleoyl alcohol oleic acid using acidic heterogeneous catalyst, sodium hydrogen sulfate. About 95% produce at the optimal condition. The molecula...

1. Abstract: The objective of this work was to develop suitable film formulations of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) for transdermal use and to investigate the effect of film composition and permeation enhancers on the in-vitro release and skin permeation of the drug. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), and chitosan were used as film-forming polymers. The adhesive hydrop...

Background Biotechnology enables the production of high-valued industrial feedstocks from plant seed oil. The plant-derived wax esters with long-chain monounsaturated acyl moieties, like oleyl oleate, have favorite properties for lubrication. For biosynthesis of wax esters using acyl-CoA substrates, expressions of a fatty acyl reductase (FAR) and a wax synthase (WS) in seeds are sufficient. R...