there is a great concern about the effect of propoxur, as one of the more common n-methyl carbamate pesticides, on human health due to its extensive use in agricultural and non-agricultural applications. caco-2 cells became resistant to propoxur, and the resistance was confirmed through mtt assay. then the cell membrane integrity and p-glycoprotein expression were measured by ldh assay and west...

objective(s):transporters have an important role in pharmacokinetics of drugs. inhibition or induction of drug transporters activity can affect drug absorption, safety, and efficacy. p-glycoprotein (p-gp) is the most important membrane transporter that is responsible for active efflux of drugs. it is important to understand which drugs are substrates, inhibitors, or inducers of p-gp to minimize...

multi drug resistance(mdr) is a major problem in the treatment of cancer and hemalological malignancies. this resistance is multi factorial and is the result of decreased intra cellular drug accumulation. this is partly due to the presence of a 170kd intra membranous protein termed p-glycoprotein(p-gp) that is an energy-dependent efflux pump which has increased expression on drug-resistance cel...

background to treat viral infection of chronic hepatitis c (chc) is a main strategy to prevent progression of liver disease, and cancer. some patients with chc have failed to respond to the common antiviral therapy in different populations. objectives in the current study it was aimed to find out the possible role of multiple drug resistance gene1 (mdr1) in non-responder patients with chc infec...

background: the frequency of the multi-drug resistance 1 (mdr1) gene c3435t polymorphism differs in various ethnical populations such as asian, african, and caucasians populations. a silent c3435t polymorphism in exon 26 of mdr1 has been reported to be associated with a decreased expression of p-gp in tt genotypes carriers compared with cc genotypes carriers. materials and methods: to evaluate ...

background: leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by different species of leishmania parasites with a wide range of clinical manifestations . antimonial compounds such as meglumine antimoniate (glucantime) are the first line drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis. however, according to reports of the drug resistance of parasites, the efficacy of antimonial compounds is low. the atp-bind...

etoposide, a widely used anticancer drug, exhibits low and variable oral bioavailability mainly because of being substrate for the efflux transporter, p-glycoprotein (p-gp). therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (tpgs) and peg 400 as p-gp inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of etoposide. everted sacs of rat smal...

purpose: the aim of the present study was to detect the expression of p-glycoprotein (p-gp) and multi-drug resistance associated protein 1 (mrp1) in retinoblastoma tumors, and analyze the relationship between its expression, the clinico-pathological features and recurrence. methods: p-gp and mrp1 expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded retinoblastoma bearing ocular tissue sections from 2...

objective(s): chemoresistance remains the main causes of treatment failure and mortality in cancer patients. there is an urgent need to investigate novel approaches to improve current therapeutic modalities and increase cancer patients' survival. induction of drug efflux due to overexpression of                  p-glycoproteins is considered as an important leading cause of multidrug resis...