Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare clinical entity defined as the presence of free air in the mediastinal structures without an apparent cause such as trauma. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is rare in children and most frequently occurs in young male patients. It usually develops after alveolar rupture and air penetration into the pulmonary interstice, followed by air penetration towards th...

OBJECTIVES To study the pathogenesis of pneumomediastinum in polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS The clinical records of 48 patients with PM/DM were reviewed, focusing mainly on the presence of pneumomediastinum and cutaneous vasculopathy, and the chest radiographic changes. A patient with pneumomediastinum with a characteristic change in his bronchus is described in de...

Pneumomediastinum is the presence of air in the mediastinum. It may occur as spontaneous, traumatic, or iatrogenic pneumomediastinum. Although spontaneous pneumomediastinum is usually observed in healthy young men, traumatic pneumomediastinum may be caused by blunt or penetrating trauma to the chest and neck. Pneumomediastinum is a clinical condition with potential complications that cause high...

Pneumomediastinum is defined as the presence of air or other gas in mediastinum and also known mediastinal emphysema [1]. can be categorized spontaneous (SPM) traumatic. Traumatic pneumomediastinum caused by blunt penetrating trauma to chest, iatrogenic injury, such that produced thoracic surgery. Mechanical ventilation a common cause barotrauma pneumomediastinum. mechanical often considered ty...

443 Pneumomediastinum is a rare complication that occurs after facial bone contouring surgery. However, it is considered as a life-threatening complication, and it is difficult to prevent pneumomediastinum as it occurs due to unknown or unexpected reasons. There are two suggestive causes of pneumomediastinum that occurs in association with facial bone contouring surgery. First, pneumomediastinu...

Epidural pneumatosis and pneumomediastinum may occur after the inhalation of "Ecstasy" (methylenedioxymetamphetamine), but only one case has been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 21- year-old male patient who presented with epidural pneumatosis and pneumomediastinum. Chest CT demonstrated the pneumomediastinum and multiple air bubbles within the spinal canal.

Chest pain is a common presenting symptom of cocaine users to the emergency department that requires a thorough work up. Pneumomediastinum is an uncommon complication of cocaine abuse that occurs more commonly when cocaine is smoked, but can also occur when cocaine is nasally insufflated. Our case report presents a patient with pneumomediastinum secondary to cocaine insufflation and reviews the...

There are no reports regarding pneumomediastinum caused by thoracic epidural block complications. We believe that it is possible to experience an occurrence of pneumomediastinum caused by air in the epidural space after performing a thoracic epidural block using the loss of resistance (LOR) technique with air. We report a witnessed case where pneumomediastinum appeared after a thoracic epidural...

BACKGROUND Subcutaneous emphysema can result from rupture of the respiratory or gastrointestinal systems, commonly occurring after trauma or surgery, as well as from rupture of alveoli as pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema is rare in children without chest or neck trauma. Here, we report 2 cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with exer...

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a presence of free air in the mediastinum without previous injury and without previously known lung disease. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is infrequent and little known by physicians. Authors present a case report of three young men with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. There was no evident causation in two cases. In one case there was previous excessive sport ac...