Porous nanotubes comprised of MnO2 nanosheets were fabricated with a one-pot hydrothermal method using polycarbonate membrane as the template. The diameter and thickness of nanotubes can be controlled by choice of the membrane pore size and the chemistry. The porous MnO2 nanotubes were used as a supercapacitor electrode. The specific capacitance in a three-electrode system was 365 F g(-1) at a ...

Approximation methods are often used in porous electrode models to eliminate the need to solve the local solid phase diffusion equation. These ethods include Duhamel’s superposition method, a diffusion length method and a polynomial approximation method which have long been used n the literature. The pseudo steady state (PSS) method is a method that has been used recently to develop a solution ...

The long-term performance of two high impedance, steroid-eluting, passive-fixation ventricular leads, porous platinum iridium electrode CPI Selute Picotip 4035 (131 patients), and platinized platinum electrode Medtronic Capsure Z 5034 (57 patients), was compared with one conventional 8.0-mm2 porous platinum iridium electrode CPI Selute 4285 (38 patients). The mean follow-up period was 28 +/- 14...

This paper describes the mathematical modelling and experimental work performed to evaluate porous cathodes for the electrochemical reduction of nitrates and nitrites in alkaline waste streams. A dynamic model of a batch process was developed that included a divided cell with a porous cathode, a cation-selective separator, a planar anode, and reservoirs for electrolyte recirculation and gas±liq...

A moving boundary model in a spherical LiCoO2 particle is presented to account for the diffusion controlled phase transition in LiCoO2 solid particles, and this model is incorporated into a porous electrode model for the LiCoO2 electrode. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data of a LiCoO2 electrode. A study of the flux distribution in the porous electrode shows that the ph...

Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) is a technology for water desalination based on applying an electrical field between two oppositely placed porous electrodes. Ions are removed from the water flowing through a channel in between the electrodes and are stored inside the electrodes. Ion-exchange membranes are placed in front of the electrodes allowing for counterion transfer from the channe...

It is shown by Monte Carlo simulation that electrochemical thermodynamics of electrolytes in a porous electrode is qualitatively different from that in the bulk with a planar electrode. In particular, first order phase transitions occur in porous electrodes when the pore size is comparable to the ion size of the electrolytes: as the voltage is increased from zero, the surface charge density and...

This thesis aims at formulating and validating models for electrochemical energy storage devices. More specifically, the devices under consideration are lithium ion batteries and polymer electrolyte fuel cells. A model is formulated to describe an experimental cell setup consisting of a LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 composite porous electrode with three porous separators and a reference electrode betw...

For the first time, lithiation/delithiation behavior of tellurium at room temperature was investigated using tellurium/porous carbon (Te/C) composite electrodes. The Te/C composite is synthesized by the infusion of liquid tellurium into a porous carbon host at the high temperature of 600 C under vacuum. Owing to the physical confinement of Te by porous carbon matrix, the Te/C electrode is capab...