We have performed high-resolution N2 coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) measurements using a modeless dye laser (MDL) as the Stokes beam source to determine the effects of a reduction in mode noise on the accuracy and precision of the method. These results are compared with previous research that employed a conventional broadband dye laser (CBDL) as the Stokes beam source. A new spe...

Modifications which enable simpler operation of the Cunningham-Barth-Kirk microrespirometer are described and an example of its use is quoted. Added advantages include easy positioning of indicator drop in the capillary and thermal equilibration at atmospheric pressure.

The concept that blood pressure influences vessel wall composition and structure is well established. Any alterations in stretch (caused by changes in blood pressure) solicit counteracting radial and tangential forces, driving transformations in the vessel wall that aim to accommodate the new conditions and to ultimately restore basal levels of tensile stress.1–3 Thus, when tensile stress incre...

OBJECTIVE During extracorporeal circulation design and orientation of aortic cannulae tips mainly determine flow pattern in the aortic arch and arch vessels which is the objective of this in vitro study, comparing single versus multiple stream cannulae. METHODS In an aortic arch glass model, jet streams of 21-24 French aortic cannulae which were inserted in the ascending aorta were directed a...

An efficient finite difference model of blood flow through the coronary vessels is developed and applied to a geometric model of the largest six generations of the coronary arterial network. By constraining the form of the velocity profile across the vessel radius, the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are reduced to one-dimensional equations governing conservation of mass and momentum....

Cerebrovascular abnormalities are extremely complex, due to the multitude of factors acting simultaneously on cerebral hemodynamics. Cerebral Arterio Venous Malformation (CAVM) hemodynamic in one of the vascular abnormality condition results changes in the flow and pressure level in blood vessels. This can cause rupture or decreased blood supply to the tissue through capillary causing infarct. ...

BACKGROUND We sought to determine the safety and efficacy of Cutting Balloon therapy (CB) compared with conventional high-pressure balloon therapy (HPB) for the treatment of pulmonary artery stenosis. METHODS AND RESULTS This prospective, randomized, multicenter, investigational device exemption trial compared CB with HPB. Patient eligibility was determined at the precatheterization assessmen...

INTRODUCTION Generation of a complete map of arterial wall mechanical properties can improve treatment of cardiovascular diseases via contributions to design of patient specific vascular substitutes used to alleviate athero-sclerosis and stenoses, which are predominant in arterial pathways (i.e., abdominal aorta, carotids, or femoral arteries). Clinically useful estimation of arterial propertie...

Evaluation of elastic properties of major arteries is subject of great interest with respect to the development of vascular diseases. In this study changes in diameter and cross-sectional area, stress-strain elastic modulus and stiffness of the common carotid arteries in healthy and atherosclerotic women and men were evaluated by using indirect end pressure changes. Variations in diameter and c...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Wall shear stress (WSS) and pressure are important factors in the development of cerebral aneurysms. We aimed to develop a computational fluid dynamics simulator for flow in the complete circle of Willis to study the impact of variations in vessel radii and bifurcation angles on WSS and pressure on vessel walls. METHODS Blood flow was modeled with Navier-Stokes equation...