There is a growing view that systemic risk arises due to loss of intermediation for the overall economy – a negative externality – when the financial sector becomes under-capitalized as a whole. In turn, the systemic risk contribution of an individual financial firm can be defined as its share of this negative externality. Motivated by this intuition, a number of authors have proposed a “Pigovi...

abstract main objective of this paper is the investigation the effect of support policies of government on income risk of poultry producers in iran for the 1989-2006. ccv index was used to investigate amount of variation that cause each support policies (market price support, support of agricultural inputs, outputs insurance) on income risk variation of producers. the results of this study show...

The United States equipment service sector supports the nation’s infrastructure and accounts for a significant portion of the nation’s economy. Availability of improved diagnostics technologies and prognostics methodologies has enabled aggressive equipment producers to offer a new service. They provide a long-term guarantee on the operation of a product in exchange for a fixed annual fee. Howev...

The study investigates consumers’ preference for cowpea reflected in the Nigerian markets through price discounts and premiums that consumers pay for different cowpea characteristics. The price data used for this study were obtained through a market survey. A common data collection protocol was employed. Every month, between October 2009 to December 2010, five cowpea samples per seller were bou...

The advent of rBGH (recombinant bovine growth hormone) has spurred the establishment of an organic milk industry. The food systems/commodity chain analytical framework cannot fully explain the rise of this new food. An adequate understanding of the consumer’s role in the food system/commodity chain requires more attention to consumption as a form of politics. One way to do this is to look at th...

Double sampling plan is an examination with a certain parameter, so it cannot decide about manufactured products whose portion parameter ( ) is not certain. The main goal of this survey is to introduce double variable plan when  is indefinite to examine manufacturing products when concerned characteristics are normally distributed. Plan parameters are achieved by an optimization manner. Sum of ...

Purpose Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) insurance can reduce losses from price declines for cattle producers, but LRP adoptions has been limited. In 2019 and 2020, subsidies were increased to lower the cost, it is unclear how much these changes lowered cost. The objective of this research was estimate impact subsidy increase on cost feeder fed by month various period lengths levels. Design/meth...