Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) is the organizer of nuclear matrix domains, PML nuclear bodies (NBs), with a proposed role in apoptosis control. In acute promyelocytic leukemia, PML/retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha expression disrupts NBs, but therapies such as retinoic acid or arsenic trioxide (As2O3) restore them. PML is conjugated by the ubiquitin-related peptide SUMO-1, a process enhanced by...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA3C) is critical for EBV immortalization of infected B lymphocytes and can coactivate the EBV LMP1 promoter with EBNA2. EBNA3C amino acids 365 to 545 are necessary and sufficient for coactivation and are required for SUMO-1 and SUMO-3 interaction. We found that EBNA3C but not EBNA3CDelta343-545 colocalized with SUMO-1 in nuclear bodies and was mod...

objective(s):small ubiquitin-like modifiers (sumos) are a family of ubiquitin-related, proteins that are involved in a wide variety of signaling pathways. sumoylation, as a vital post translational modification, regulate protein function in manycellular processes. diazinon (dzn), an organophosphate insecticide, causses oxidative stress and subsequently programmed cell death in different tissues...

Objective(s):Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) are a family of ubiquitin-related, proteins that are involved in a wide variety of signaling pathways. SUMOylation, as a vital post translational modification, regulate protein function in manycellular processes. Diazinon (DZN), an organophosphate insecticide, causses oxidative stress and subsequently programmed cell death in different tissues...

A utoimmune type 1 diabetes is caused by an interactive combination of genetic and environmental factors, most of which remain unknown. Each individual appears to have a unique combination of these factors that allow for their susceptibility to disease. Investigators have long searched for physiological mechanisms that could link diverse environmental events to inheritable genetic traits and th...