Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been widely applied in seawater desalination (SWRO) and wastewater reclamation as the main desalination technology since 2000. SWRO plants face challenges to reduce energy consumption and brine disposal to lessen marine pollution. To tackle these challenges, a SWRO-PRO (Pressure Retarded Osmosis) System was proposed in the “Mega-ton Water System” project unde...

Seawater reverse osmosis desalination (SWRO) requires less energy compared with the distillation method and thus is an important technology except Middle Eastern countries whereenergy costs are higher. Recently, even Middle Eastern countries where the distillation method is still a major technology, have begun adopting the RO method in new desalinationplants in line with government ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative environmental impacts of coupled seawater desalination and water reclamation using a novel hybrid system that consist of an osmotically driven membrane process and established membrane desalination technologies. A comparative life cycle assessment methodology was used to differentiate between a novel hybrid process consisting of forward...

In the seawater desalination field, WHO requires the boron concentration in drinking water to be below 0.5 mg/l, and this requirement has affected SWRO process design, because of the difficulty to achieve such low boron concentration. In order to overcome this problem, a new SWRO membrane element, which had higher boron rejecting performance, was developed. This new SWRO membrane element exhibi...

Reverse osmosis (RO) technology has been widely applied to water treatment such as seawater desalination, and large RO plants are many in operation around the world. Moreover, much larger plants will be required to secure sufcient water resource in the near future because global water shortage and quality problems are still getting more serious. Mega-ton Water System pr...

The last chapter elucidated the experimental setup and the factors influencing each unit of the large-scale seawater desalination process, with the reverse osmosis. This chapter deals with subjects such as the modeling of each unit of Sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO), the integration of these models to form an entire plant, and the future direction of the statistical modeling of the SWRO proces...

Comparative seawater RO pretreatment evaluation using benchand pilot-scale testing Desalination using seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) technology is an important option available to water-scarce coastal regions. Recent full-scale experiences have shown that pretreatment is the key for this application of RO technology. In this article, a unique series of benchand pilot-scale tests are presented....

Service experience from 27 seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants confirms that there is an evident risk of corrosion if wrong steel grade is used for the high pressure piping. Neither 316L nor 317L possesses sufficient corrosion resistance. Not even highly alloyed grades like 2205 and 904L show reliable service performance. However, no corrosion has been reported for 254 SMO, which has been us...