Four phenolic compounds were isolated from the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L. by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods, their structures were identified as methyl 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosy-5-hydroxy-3-methoxylbenzoate (1), 3,3′,4′-tri-O-methylellagic acid (2), fisetinidol-(4α-8)-catechin (3), and (+)-catechin (4). Compound 1 i...

background: the family rosaceae, include some large genus, eg the genus rose includes 200 species and 18000 cultivars. objective: aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the hydrodistilled oil of the leaves of sanguisorba minor scop, of iranian origin for the first time. methods: the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of sanguisorba minor was analyzed by gc and gc...

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One of the most oft-cited parts of Francis Hutcheson’s Illustrations upon the Moral Sense (1728) is his discussion of “exciting reasons.” In this paper I address the question: What is the function of that discussion? In particular, what is its relation to Hutcheson’s attempt to show that the rationalists’ normative thesis ultimately implies, contrary to their moral epistemology, that moral idea...

Criteria for the classification of bacterial viruses were proposed by Burnet (1933), including particle size, serological relationship, and certain physiological characteristics. These criteria were applied to the definition of 12 serological groups of coli-dysentery phages. This taxonomic scheme was an important advance since it embodied the concept of phylogenetic relationships among the bact...

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