This article describes abductions as special patterns of inference to the best explanation whose structure determines a particularly promising abductive conjecture (conclusion) and thus serves as an abductive search strategy (Sect. 1). A classification of different patterns of abduction is provided which intends to be as complete as possible (Sect. 2). An important distinction is that between s...

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization has been proved to be valuable in many fields of data mining, especially in unsupervised learning. In this paper, we will briefly review its variations and applications in image processing, data clustering, semi-supervised clustering, bi-clustering (co-clustering) and financial data mining. Note that we cannot cover all the interesting works on NMF, but generall...

Juncus quartinianus (Juncaceae sect. Ozophyllum) was described by Richard in 1851 from Ethiopia. Some authors have treated this species as a synonym of J. fontanesii and others as a synonym of J. oxycarpus. Based on morphological analyses of flowers, fruit and seeds, we propose to restore J. quartinianus as a distinct species from both these taxa. Its detailed re-description and an identificati...

of irreducible complex projective plane curves of degree n with d nodes and no other singularities. The problem is discussed in classical literature, as well as in [1, Sect. 1], [2, p. 219], [3, Sect. 2], etc. The naive compactification of Vn,d , namely V n,d ⊂ P N , has very complicated singularities. In particular, V n,d is not unibranch. One can construct a unibranch compactification as foll...

The occurrence of Alyssum desertorum, a species belonging to A. sect. Alyssum, is reported for the fi rst time in Italy. It was found in Abruzzo (central Italy) in the territory of National Park of Gran Sasso and Laga mountains and surrounding areas. Morphological similarities with the other taxa recorded in Italy belonging to A. sect. Alyssum are briefl y discussed. Information about the typif...

Viruses that infect the central nervous system may cause acute, chronic, or latent infections. In some cases, the diseases manifested are attributable to viral damage of neurons or supporting parenchymal tissues; in other cases, to immune attack on virally infected cells. They can be spread by excretion, by respiratory droplets or fomites, or, alternatively, by bites of insects or animals. Thes...

This chapter provides an overview of recent research on inorganic nanowires, particularly metallic and semiconducting nanowires. Nanowires are one-dimensional, anisotropic structures, small in diameter, and large in surfaceto-volume ratio. Thus, their physical properties are different than those of structures of different scale and dimensionality. While the study of nanowires is particularly ch...

Maximum parsimony analysis of DNA sequence data from the internal and external transcribed spacer (ITS and ETS) regions of 18S-26S nuclear ribosomal DNA and the 3' trnK intron of chloroplast DNA from over 60 populations of Lasthenia sect. Amphiachaenia yielded a well-supported tree showing that the most common species of Lasthenia, L. californica sensu lato (s.l.), is not monophyletic. Members ...

The taxonomy of Talaromyces rugulosus, T. wortmannii and closely related species, classified in Talaromyces sect. Islandici, is reviewed in this paper. The species of Talaromyces sect. Islandici have restricted growth on MEA and CYA, generally have yellow mycelia and produce rugulosin and/or skyrin. They are important in biotechnology (e.g. T. rugulosus, T. wortmannii) and in medicine (e.g. T. ...