I am Arti Rai, a law professor at Duke Law School and a faculty associate of the Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy. For the last 10 years, I have conducted research on the interaction of federally funded research and the patent system. Currently, I am funded by the National Institutes of Health to examine intellectual property rights issues that arise in collaborative inter-universi...

Industry, government, patient advocacy groups, public funders, and academic thought leaders met in Toronto, Canada, to set into motion an initiative that addresses some of the scientific and organizational challenges of modern therapeutics discovery. What emerged from the meeting was a public-private partnership that seeks to establish proof of clinical mechanism (POCM) for selected "pioneer" d...

In the ordinary macro-economic input-output tables, the industrial sector consists of several dozen industries and each industry in a certain sector is an aggregate of many companies in the sector. The sectoral statistics are the sum of statistics of companies in the respective sector. Usually, all sectors have the same set of inputs for producing outputs. For example, they have labour, capital...

For the nascent field of advanced therapies, collaboration will be a game-changer, turning scientific progress that was once unimaginable into transformative medical practice. Despite promise for lifelong management and even cure of disease, skepticism remains about the feasibility of their delivery to patients, fueling investment risks. With the potential for long-term effectiveness in need of...

This paper examines the policy consequences of how many parties form governments in parliamentary systems. We argue that parties externalize costs not borne by their support groups; and larger parties internalize more costs than small parties because they represent more groups. This argument implies that the public sector should be larger the more parties there are in government. We test this p...

Links [1] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/bps-procurement-directive-purpose-0 [2] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/bps-procurement-directive-principles [3] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/bps-procurement-directive-requirements-overview [4] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/supply-chain-code-ethicsv [5] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/competitive-procurement-thresholds [6] https://www.uoguelph.ca/f...

This paper documents a systematic shift in the nature of innovation in information technology (IT) toward increasing dependence on software. Using a broad panel of U.S. and Japanese publicly listed IT firms in the period 1983 to 2004, we show that this change in the nature of IT innovation had differential effects on the performance of the IT industries in the United States and Japan, resulting...

Definition 1.1. Let E be a field. An automorphism of E is a (ring) isomorphism from E to itself. The set of all automorphisms of E forms a group under function composition, which we denote by AutE. Let E be a finite extension of a field F . Define the Galois group Gal(E/F ) to be the subset of AutE consisting of all automorphisms σ : E → E such that σ(a) = a for all a ∈ F . We write this last c...

Links: [1] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/bps-procurement-directive-purpose-0 [2] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/bps-procurement-directive-principles [3] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/bps-procurement-directive-requirements-overview [4] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/supply-chain-code-ethicsv [5] https://www.uoguelph.ca/finance/competitive-procurement-thresholds [6] https://www.uoguelph.ca/...