The influence of seismic loading on segment opening of a shield tunnel was explored using the dynamic finite element method to analyze the distribution of segment opening under multidirectional seismic loading, combined with a typical engineering installation. The calculation of segment opening was deduced from equivalent continuous theory and segment opening was obtained through calculations. ...

Almost every real world problem involves simultaneous optimization of several incommensurable and often competing objectives which constitutes a multi-objective optimization problem. In multi-objective optimization problems the optimal solution is not unique as in single-objective optimization problems. This paper is concerned with large-scale structural optimization of skeletal structures such...

The state-of-the-art of near-fault problems in earthquake engineering is comprehensive reviewed. Strong ground motions in the near-fault region exhibit several new characteristics, which cause the attentions of both seismologists and engineers who zealously studied these ground motions during the last two deceases. The investigation on ground motions can interpret the mechanism of the earthquak...

this study aims to develop seismic fragility curves for a typical pile-supported wharf. fragility curve is one of the popular tools in seismic performance evaluation of a structure. the software flac2d was used to simulate the seismic performance of the wharf structure. using eight time history records, occurred in past, as seismic loading, incremental dynamic analysis (ida) was applied for sei...

This paper presents a contribution for the safety assessment of historical masonry buildings under seismic loading. Three different simplified safety indexes (in-plan area ratio, area to weight ratio and base shear ratio) are analyzed, taking into account a large sample of fifty-eight Portuguese churches. The sample of building has been organized according to the seismic zonation, from high to ...

This study aims to develop seismic fragility curves for a typical pile-supported wharf. Fragility curve is one of the popular tools in seismic performance evaluation of a structure. The software FLAC2D was used to simulate the seismic performance of the wharf structure. Using eight time history records, occurred in past, as seismic loading, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was applied for sei...

Data loading and management 2D or 3D data in standard SEG-Y format is easily loaded with the wizard-based data loading tools Batch loading of 2D data is supported, and the EBCDIC character header is stored as the data is loaded, so this important piece of information is not lost Project can be 2D, 3D or a combination 2D seismic surveys are easily managed with program groups and multiple version...

Unreinforced masonry (URM) structures are known to be rather vulnerable to seismic loading. Modern URM buildings with reinforced concrete (RC) slabs might, however, have an acceptable seismic performance for regions of low to moderate seismicity. In particular in countries of moderate seismicity it is often difficult to demonstrate the seismic safety of modern URM buildings by means of force-ba...

in the aftermath of the 1994 northridge, california, earthquake. a significant number of steel moment resisting structural systems were damaged. many studies and researches have been conducted to improve the seismic performance of structures after the catastrophe. one of the proposed connections for special moment-resisting frames included aisc-358 is kaiser bolted bracket moment connection, br...