Oil reservoir souring by the microbial reduction of sulfate to sulfide is unwanted, because it enhances corrosion of metal infrastructure used for oil production and processing. Reservoir souring can be prevented or remediated by the injection of nitrate or biocides, although injection of biocides into reservoirs is not commonly done. Whether combined application of these agents may give synerg...

This paper presents an overview of the factors involved in the selection of an active souring management solution for the Mars field, at which waterflood operations are due to commence in March 2004. It is well documented that the majority of similar seawater injection applications have experienced increased down-hole sulfate-reducing bacteria activity and the reservoir souring and H2S control ...

Souring is the undesirable production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in oil reservoirs by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Souring is a common problem during secondary oil recovery via water flooding, especially when seawater with its high sulfate concentration is introduced. Nitrate injection into these oil reservoirs can prevent and remediate souring by stimulating nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB)....

BACKGROUND Unpasteurised fresh and souring dairy products form an essential component of household diets throughout many rural communities in southern Africa. The presence of milk-borne zoonotic pathogens such as Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis and zoonotic tuberculosis in humans, constitute a public health threat, especially in remote areas with poor ...

Oil fields can experience souring, the reduction of sulfate to sulfide by sulfate-reducing microorganisms. At the Terra Nova oil field near Canada's east coast, with a reservoir temperature of 95°C, souring was indicated by increased hydrogen sulfide in produced waters (PW). Microbial community analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed the hyperthermophilic sulfate-reducing archaeon Archaeogl...

Microbial sulfate reduction is the most significant source of hydrogen sulfide (souring) as oil reservoirs are flooded with seawater (with mM concentrations sulfate) for secondary recovery. Nitrate (nitrite) injections into routinely used to constrain souring. Perchlorate was proposed an alternative souring mitigation agent, however its effectiveness remains be determined on a field scale. We c...

In the beverage fermentation industry, especially at the craft or micro level, there is a movement to incorporate as many local ingredients as possible to both capture terroir and stimulate local economies. In the case of craft beer, this has traditionally only encompassed locally sourced barley, hops, and other agricultural adjuncts. The identification and use of novel yeasts in brewing lags b...

Conventional methods of ensuring the safety and soundness of cows' milk for human consumption, such as pasteurisation, are not always practical in poor socioeconomic conditions or in rural communities that lack modern amenities. Activation of lactoperoxidase (LP) system and souring of milk were investigated as potential alternative methods to sustain the safety of milk by inhibiting certain mic...