objective(s): there is controversial evidence about the effect of methamphetamine (meth) on spatial memory. we tested the time- dependent effects of meth on spatial short-term (working) and long-term (reference) memory in meth –sensitized and withdrawn rats in the morris water maze. materials and methods: rats were sensitized to meth (2 mg/kg, daily/5 days, sc). rats were trained in water maze ...

there are several conflicting evidences showing the effect of morphine on learning and memory processes. in the present study the effect of chronic morphine administration on passive avoidance, active avoidance and spatial learning and memory of morphine dependent male rats using passive avoidance shuttle box and morris water maze tasks were investigated, respectively. male rats received morphi...

bile duct ligation (bdl) is shown to induce cholestasis-related liver function impairments as well as consequent cognitive dysfunctions (i.e. impaired learning and memory formation). this study investigates the effects of cholestasis (14, 21 and 28 days post bile duct ligation) on spatial and non-spatial novelty detection, using a non-associative task. male mice weighing 30-35 g were used. chol...

the present study aimed to examine throwing accuracy and spatial and digit working memory of field dependent-independent participants. the group embedded figure test (geft) was distributed among 320 male students and based on the geft scores, 45 participants were randomly divided into field dependent, field independent and control group (15 participants/each group). the study included two tasks...

Abstract: ِIntroduction: The effect of morphine dependency on learning and spatial memory is controversial. So in this study effect of co-administeration of nitric oxide (NO) and morphine in CA3 of hippocampus on learning and spatial memory in morphine dependent rats was investigated. Methods: After anaesthetization of male rats, cannulae implanted bilaterally in CA3 of hippocampus. After reco...

There are several conflicting evidences showing the effect of morphine on learning and memory processes. In the present study the effect of chronic morphine administration on passive avoidance, active avoidance and spatial learning and memory of morphine dependent male rats using Passive Avoidance shuttle box and Morris Water Maze tasks were investigated, respectively. Male rats received morphi...

There are several conflicting evidences showing the effect of morphine on learning and memory processes. In the present study the effect of chronic morphine administration on passive avoidance, active avoidance and spatial learning and memory of morphine dependent male rats using Passive Avoidance shuttle box and Morris Water Maze tasks were investigated, respectively. Male rats received morphi...

‎ introduction: controversial results have been reported about the effect of morphine and stress on learning and spatial memory in rodents. there are very few studies about the effects of ultra low doses of morphine on memory. in this study, effects of acute administration of low and usual doses of morphine on memory formation and retention in the presence and absence of repeated stress were in...

introduction: the brain renin-angiotensin system (ras) has been reported having a pathological role in age-related impairment in learning and memory. therefore, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (acei) are expected to have positive effects on memory. longtime treatment with captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) significantly attenuates the age-related impairment in learn...