Among the current IPPC installations, steam cracking for olefin production is the single most energy consuming process (ca. 30%) in the chemical industry, accounting for ca. 180 million tons of CO2 worldwide. This paper reviews steam cracking and innovative emerging olefin technologies in terms of energy efficiency. Pyrolysis section alone consumes ca. 65% of the total energy use and ca. 75% of...

SHAHAB is a PC- based simulator developed by Olefin Research Group (ORG), with the simultaneous simulation of the reactor, the firebox, the convection section and the transfer line exchanger in steam Cracking units. The reaction mechanism of thermal cracking of hydrocarbons is generally accepted as free-radical chain reactions. Using a rigorous kinetic model, a complete reaction network for rep...

ally produced organic material and its majority is used in the production of polymers and derivatives. Between a variety of processes the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons in the presence of steam (steam cracker) is mostly used. Regardless of the process type, all plants require process analytical equipment to collect reliable and accurate process data for process control, product quality, and p...

This paper describes a case study of improving the asset performance of ethylene cracking furnaces through energy saving by Yokogawa’s Asset Performance Diagnostics service, one of the services of Plant Asset Effectiveness Optimization Services, InsightSuiteAE. During regular maintenance of ethylene cracking furnaces, steam and air are supplied to tubes for decoking to burn and remove coke whic...

Thermodynamic analysis of the cracking of hexane has been conducted by the Gibbs free energy minimization method and second law analysis of overall reactions. By-products have been divided into three groups of methane, alkynes and aromatics and their possible production paths have been discussed. Effect of operating conditions such as temperature and steam-to-hexane ratio on the cracking perfor...

Abstract — The Ethylene production process is one of the most important aspects of a petrochemical plant. The bulk of the worldwide annual commercial production of Ethylene is based on thermal cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons with steam. This process is commonly called Steam cracking process. This article deals with Amir Kabir Petrochemical Olefin Furnaces that are located in special region o...

In this paper, the cyclic fatigue hysteresis loops of 2D woven SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) at elevated temperatures in steam have been investigated. The interface slip between fibers and the matrix existing in matrix cracking modes 3 and 5, in which matrix cracking and interface debonding occurred in longitudinal yarns, is considered as the major reason for hysteresis loops of 2D w...

Petroleum refineries utilize thermal cracking, catalytic cracking and hydrogenation processes to produce high quality oil products. Hydrodesulfurization is one of the most important methods to remove sulfur from petroleum fractions. Heavy oil contains various types of sulfur compound. The structure of the sulfur compounds affects the ease of sulfur removal1). Acyclic sulfur compounds including ...

A review of the literature and discussions with plant operators has been undertaken to establish present knowledge and understanding of the chemistry of the condensates formed on steam turbines and the link to system operation. This has been supplemented by an overview of the effect of test variables on environment assisted cracking. In Section 1, steam turbine operating conditions are describe...