In this study the artificial pollination of pistachio was investigated. Two types of pollen of local selective genotypes (Q1 and Q2) which were different pollinizers were used. The experiment had six treatments. Qazvini and Ohadi cultivars were pollinated with supplementary pollinations as treatment which was covered with cotton bag, natural pollination as a control which was not covered and tw...

The expansion of pollinator-dependent crops, especially in the developing world, together with reports of worldwide pollinator declines, raises concern of possible yield gaps. Farmers directly reliant on pollination services for food supply often live in regions where our knowledge of pollination services is poor. In a manipulative experiment replicated at 23 sites across an Ethiopian agricultu...

Potential decreases in crop yield from reductions in bee-mediated pollination services threaten food production demands of a growing population. Many fruit and vegetable growers supplement their fields with bee colonies during crop bloom. The extent to which crop production requires supplementary pollination services beyond those provided by wild bees is not well documented. Pumpkin, Cucurbita ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Few studies have examined the dynamics of specialist plant-pollinator interactions at a geographical scale. This knowledge is crucial for a more general evolutionary and ecological understanding of specialized plant-pollinator systems. In the present study, variations in pollinator activity, assemblage composition and pollen limitation were explored in the oil-producing spec...

We propose a conceptual model for pollination and fertilization of tomato flowers in greenhouses crops by hoverflies, when the maximal number adult pollinators maintained is less than what needed an economically successful greenhouses. The consists two-stage process additional feeding hoverfly to maintain pollinator density at desired level. First, with stochastic model, we calculate flies nece...

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Post-anthesis functionality of persistent perianth parts has rarely been investigated, but available evidence suggests that perianth persistence may not always have an adaptive value. Given the high occurrence of the trait, that it may sometimes be maladaptive is an intriguing possibility and deserves exploration. This paper tests the hypothesis that the fitness value of co...

Many widely known invasive plants are well integrated into native plant–pollinator networks. Typically, these invaders have entomophilous flowerswhich are visited by a diverse array of pollinators. The type of breeding system and the role that pollination services play in the reproductive success of invasive plants have, however, received little attention. We studied the breeding system and pol...

Opuntia is the most diverse and widespread genus in Cactaceae; several species have broad distribution ranges successfully adapted to distinct habitats. One explanation for their success diversity of reproductive systems. macrocentra one common North American deserts. A previous work on a northern population documented that this has mixed-mating system receives low frequency pollinators. In sou...