Corporate net zero climate commitments and environmental, social, governance (ESG) policies have the potential to bypass barriers international, national, subnational government action on change other environmental issues. This Article presents results of a new empirical study that demonstrates remarkably widespread use supply chain contracting requirements. The finds roughly 80% ten largest fi...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this article, a three-echelon closed-loop supply chain is considered under sustainability consideration through remanufacturing of waste materials. Depending upon quality, the collector collects used products and forwards to manufacturer for remanufacturing. The offers reward or incentive consumers influence them return items. shortfall amount collected ite...

We consider a supply chain in which a producer supplies a fresh product, through a third-party logistics (3PL) provider, to a distant market where a distributor purchases and sells it to end customers. The product is perishable, both the quantity and quality of which may deteriorate during the process of transportation. The market demand is random, sensitive to the selling price as well as the ...

Although China has become the world’s second largest economy, a serious urgent issue of global consequences as well as the major obstacle in the process of China’s economic development is the lack of CSR. Through CSR initiatives, enterprises of all sizes, in cooperation with their stakeholders, can help to reconcile economic, social and environmental ambitions. Socially responsible supply chain...

Under the e-commerce environment, network direct selling mode is developing rapidly, which an important way for enterprises to reduce logistics costs and storage risks win survival development. In this paper, order dual reserve decision model constructed based on option contract under mode. losses caused by uncertain demand, we investigate manufacturer’s optimal purchase decisions of spot optio...

Utility of efficient automobiles has compelled us to explore various aspect its promotion. Our manuscript analyzes a monopolistic automobile manufacturer trying produce vehicles along with traditional vehicles. A utility-based dynamic production design been studied under price-dependent subsidy (PDS) model the effects government on manufacturing Battery-operated (BOV) and Diesel (DV). We have c...

There are many materials for which the quantity needed by a firm is at best indirectly related to the quantity of final product produced by that firm, such as solvents in manufacturing processes or office supplies. For any such “indirect” materials, an inescapable incentive conflict exists: The buyer wishes to minimize consumption of these indirect materials, while the supplier’s profits depend...