In the fetal lung, endogenous transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) inhibits early morphogenesis and blocks hormone-induced type II cell differentiation. We hypothesized that endogenous TGF-ß inhibits type II cell differentiation and that the stimulatory effects of glucocorticoids result in part from suppression of TGF-ß. Epithelial cells were isolated from human fetal lung and cultured under de...

Wound healing is a complex process that relies on proper levels of cytokines and growth factors to successfully repair the tissue. Of particular interest are the members of the transforming growth factor family. There are three TGF-ß isoforms-TGF- ß 1, 2, and 3, each isoform showing a unique expression pattern, suggesting that they each play a distinct function during development and repair. Pr...

The literature on TGF-ß in cancer including data on the expression or activation of TGF-ß pathway components in specific tumors types is steadily growing. However, no systematic and uniform analysis exists reporting expression levels of the main TGF-ß pathway components across the most frequent tumor types. We used a standardized immunohistochemical assay investigating TGF-ß isoform expression ...

1 Downregulation of Cdk6 kinase activity is crucial for TGF-ß induced growth inhibition (I) ………………………………………………………………………………….38 1.1 TGF-ß growth inhibition is attenuated by overexpression of wild type Cdk6 …………38 1.2 Cyclin D-related kinase activity is maintained in wild type Cdk6-overexpressing cells treated with TGF-ß …..……………………………………………………………….39 1.3 Cdk2-associated kinase activity is partia...

Both transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src play major roles during tumorigenesis by regulating cell growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration/invasion and metastasis, but little is known about the signaling crosstalk between them. To interfere with Src function in vitro and in vivo many studies have employed the pharmacologic Src inhibit...

TGF-ß is a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and function. We previously reported an essential role of the TGF-ß -Smad2/3 pathways in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing, we comprehensively identified Smad2/3 target genes in bone marrow macrophages. These genes were enriched in the gene popul...

Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) signaling plays an important role in regulating crucial biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Many of these processes are also an integral part of amelogenesis. In order to delineate a precise role of TGF-ß signaling during amelogenesis, we developed a transgenic mouse line that harb...

background: our objectives were to investigate whether immunomodulatory cytokines, tgf-β and il-10, are stimulated in response to cystic echinococcosis (ce) components in mice model, and whether major hydatid fluid antigens or live protoscoleces could equally contribute to such cytokines. methods: protoscoleces were obtained by aseptic puncture of fertile sheep hydatid cysts. hydatid fluid anti...

Lesions of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are a pathological hallmark of progressive glomerular injury. Glomerulosclerosis frequently complicates most renal diseases, and is characterized by the collapse of the glomerular tuft with the accumulation of mesangial matrix. Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) is a key regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesis in renal cel...

Histone methylation plays a crucial role in various biological and pathological processes including cancer development. In this study, we discovered that JARID2, an interacting component of Polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) that catalyzes methylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27), was involved in Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-ß)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ...