Gravitational-wave tails are linear waves that backscatter on the curvature of space-time generated by total mass-energy source. The non-linear memory effect arises from gravitational sourced stress-energy distribution themselves. These two effects due to quadratic multipolar interactions (mass-quadrupole and quadrupole-quadrupole) well known. Also known themselves (cubic "tails-of-tails") tail...

Phase III randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are usually analysed and published according to a statistical plan, when the number of events is expected be sufficient establish (at P < 0.05) or exclude (with power 80% 90%) prespecified difference in primary time-to-event outcome. For that evaluate treatments for metastatic cancer, end point most often overall survival (OS) progression-free (PFS)...