One of the leading power companies in Denmark, Elsam Kraft A/S, has proposed a vision of the Danish energy sector (end of 2004), with a working title ’’From petrol to REtrol’’ (originally ‘‘From benzin to VEnzin’’, vedvarende = renewable, in Danish). The vision points to changes in the energy sector from being based on combined production of electricity and heat to one based on combined product...

Solar water pumping systems are fundamental entities for transmission and storage purposes whether it is has been used in irrigation or residential applications. The use of photovoltaic (PV) panels to support the electrical requirements these executed globally a long time. However, introducing optimization sizing techniques such can benefit end-user by saving money, energy, This paper proposed ...

flexible ac transmission systems (facts) controllers with its ability to directly control the power flow can offer great opportunities in modern power system, allowing better and safer operation of transmission network. in this paper, in order to find type, size and location of facts devices in a power system a dedicated improved particle swarm optimization (dipso) algorithm is developed for de...

Natural gas produced at high pressure (50-70 bar) is the only industrial source of helium (He). A membrane separation process may offer a more efficient production system with smaller footprint and lower operational cost than conventional cryogenic system. Inorganic membranes with high mechanical strength are known to exhibit good stability at high pressure. In this work, two inorganic membrane...

Biomass pyrolysis is one of the beneficial sources production sustainable bio-oil. Currently, marketable bio-oil plants are scarce because complex operations and lower profits. Therefore, it necessary to comprehend relationship between technological parameters economic practicality. This review outlines technical economical routine produce bio-oils from various biomass by fast pyrolysis. Explic...

Many companies in the U.S. are entering the wood pellets market due to the increasing importance of woody biomass utilization for energy purposes. Despite a 200% increase in U.S. production, it is difficult to obtain reliable information from the research community relative to the production costs, requirements, and market trends for wood pellets. Based on comprehensive investigations, a techno...