objective: adequate knowledge about restorative materials particularly flowable composite resins with favorable physical properties like optimal microhardness and resistance to environmental factors is a big concern for many dentists. flowable composites have several applications for fissure sealant therapy and preventive resin restorations (prr) which are common treatments in pediatric dentist...

one of the common chronic inflammatory skin diseases is acne vulgaris that affects up to 80% of a teen-age population. the progress of acne lesions is due to colonization of propionibacterium acnes (p .acnes) in hair follicles. treatment of acne includes topical or systemic therapy or combination therapy, with a tendency to perform topical therapy in mild to moderate acne. nanoemulsions, small ...

One of the common chronic inflammatory skin diseases is Acne Vulgaris that affects up to 80% of a teen-age population. The progress of acne lesions is due to colonization of Propionibacterium acnes (P .acnes) in hair follicles. Treatment of acne includes topical or systemic therapy or combination therapy, with a tendency to perform topical therapy in mild to moderate acne. Nanoemulsions, small ...

introduction:   palmoplantar psoriasis could hardly be differentiated from chronic tylotic eczema both clinically and histologically. the most commonly used therapeutic options for palmoplantar psoriasis are long-term therapy with topical corticosteroids and local puva. frequently, it is a recalcitrant disease. we investigated the efficacy and tolerability of the combination of topical calcipot...

Psoriasis is a chronic, genetically determined skin disease. A variety of biochemical and molecular biological alterations have been identified, but the pathogenesis of psoriasis is still not clear. For patients with mild to moderate psoriasis, topical therapies are generally used. However, approximately one-third of the patients have a moderate to severe psoriasis and need a systemic therapy. ...

 Client education on the use of topicals with written discharge information is mandatory.  The medical and financial advantages of using topical therapy should be discussed. A topical treatment and maintenance program may reduce the need for long-term continual systemic medications.  Inform owners that medicated shampoos do not typically lather well so that they do not over apply the product...

objective: pemphigus is a rare autoimmune disease that may be fatal without proper medical intervention. it is a blistering disease that involves both the skin and mucus membranes, in which the most important causes of death comprise superimposed opportunistic infections and complications of long-term high-dose corticosteroid therapy or prolonged consumption of immune suppressant drugs. skin le...

recalcitrant gingival erythematous lichen planus lesions comprise a considerable therapeutic problem. this case of chronic desquamative gingivitis in a 25-year-old woman with erosive oral lichen planus was treated with topical and systemic corticosteroid administration, followed by placement of a free gingival graft on right upper quadrant. although recurrence of the lesions was observed follow...